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Risk factors for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and Mycobacterium bovis coinfection at individual animal level in southern Chile cattle populations

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Abstract

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes a chronic intestinal infection mainly in domestic and wild ruminants and is transmitted primarily by the fecal-oral route. Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) produces a chronic infection principally of the respiratory system. It affects most domestic mammals, wild species, and humans and is spread via the respiratory or oral route. It is important to note that M. bovis is considered a major zoonotic agent. The term coinfection refers to the coexistence of two or more infectious agents in the same host. The goal of the present study was to assess management factors that may favor coinfection with MAP and M. bovis in cattle at an individual level. A cross-sectional study was conducted including 366 cattle from 11 herds. Diagnostic information for both pathogens and individual characteristics of the animals and management practices applied on them was collected from each herd. The results indicated a set of variables being more frequent in the coinfected group of animals and mainly related with biosecurity measures. This study provided regionally based data that may be used to design future control plans for both cattle infections in southern Chile.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by FIC-R-2011 and FONDECYT (11100200) grants. Pamela Steuer was the recipient of a Masters studentship from the Chilean government (CONICYT) during the present study, and this article was part of a Masters Thesis at the Universidad Austral de Chile.

Statement of animal rights

The present study was carried out in strict accordance with the recommendations in the Guide of Use of Animals for Research of Universidad Austral de Chile (www.uach.cl/direccion/investigacion/uso_animales.htm).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Edificio Instapanel, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile

    Pamela Steuer, Eduardo Raffo & Miguel Angel Salgado

  2. Graduate School, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

    Pamela Steuer & Eduardo Raffo

  3. Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

    Gustavo Monti

Authors
  1. Pamela Steuer
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  2. Eduardo Raffo
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  3. Gustavo Monti
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  4. Miguel Angel Salgado
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Miguel Angel Salgado.

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Steuer, P., Raffo, E., Monti, G. et al. Risk factors for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and Mycobacterium bovis coinfection at individual animal level in southern Chile cattle populations. Trop Anim Health Prod 47, 1449–1455 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-015-0885-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-015-0885-5

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