Abstract
Encapsulation of metal nanoclusters in porous solid polymer materials is a promising approach to combine the outstanding properties of both, heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. We report heterogeneous nano-engineered catalysts containing Pd-nanoparticles (NPs) confined within highly-porous hollow polymeric framework of hyper cross-linked polystyrene (HPS). HPS with different surface functionalities (amine vs. sulfonate) were used for impregnation by Pd precursors of different nature and followed by a variety of catalyst post-treatments. The catalysts have been tested in two model key reactions for the synthesis of fine chemicals: selective hydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butyne-2-ol to 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol (MBE) and Suzuki cross-coupling of 4-bromoanisole with phenylboronic acid. Optimization of the Pd/HPS preparation and reaction conditions allowed attaining high selectivity (~99 %) to target MBE at close to full conversion. For Suzuki cross-coupling more than 90 % yield of coupling product was obtained under mild reaction conditions and the absence of phase transfer agent. Our results demonstrate the potential of HPS as a suitable support for tailoring metal NPs properties and circumvent undesirable metal leaching.
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Acknowledgments
Financial support was provided by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (RFMEFI57414X0121) and the Russian Science Foundation (project 15-19-20023).The authors thank Dr. Barry Stein (Department of Biology, Indiana University, United States) and Dr. Lyudmila Bronstein (Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, United States) for help with TEM studies.
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Nemygina, N.A., Nikoshvili, L.Z., Matveeva, V.G. et al. Pd-Nanoparticles Confined Within Hollow Polymeric Framework as Effective Catalysts for the Synthesis of Fine Chemicals. Top Catal 59, 1185–1195 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-016-0639-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-016-0639-2