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In vitro assay of native Iranian almond species (Prunus L. spp.) for drought tolerance

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Abstract

Eight native Iranian almond species from three sections, ‘Euamygdalus’ (Prunus communis; Prunus eleagnifolia and Prunus orientalis); ‘Lycioides’ (Prunus lycioides and Prunus reuteri) and ‘Spartioides’ (Prunus arabica, Prunus glauca and Prunus scoparia) were in vitro screened for drought tolerance using sorbitol and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as an osmoticum. Different levels of water stress were induced using five concentrations of either sorbitol or polyethylene glycol in Woody Plant Medium (WPM). Water potential of various media ranged from −0.80 to −2.05 MPa and water stress in culture medium adversely affected plantlet growth. Wild species from ‘Spartioides’ were less affected than ‘Lycioides’ and ‘Euamygdalus’. At the same level of water potential, sorbitol had lower adverse effects than PEG; the latter being severe. Prunus × sorbitol and Prunus × PEG interactions were significant. At 0.2 M sorbitol and 0.003 M PEG, ‘Spartioides’ produced significantly more roots with higher total root length and root volume, as well as root-dry weight than those of ‘Lycioides’ and ‘Euamygdalus.’ It is concluded that in vitro screening of native Iranian almond species under specific and limited water-stress conditions may provide a system for effectively differentiating the wild species of almond for their expected root mass production under field conditions.

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Abbreviations

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

WPM:

Woody Plant Medium (Lloyd and McCowen 1981)

MPa:

Water potential

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Acknowledgments

The authors offer grateful thanks to Shahrekord University for financial assistance, as well as to the Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Shahrekord for access to almond trees. Thanks to Professor Craig A. Ledbetter for helpful commentary on the manuscript. We are grateful to Mr. S. Mosavi for helping arrange the facilities and to Ms. F. Tavakoli, Mr. R. Amiri Fahliani and Mr. A. Arminian for their kind help in undertaking this study.

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Sorkheh, K., Shiran, B., Khodambshi, M. et al. In vitro assay of native Iranian almond species (Prunus L. spp.) for drought tolerance. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 105, 395–404 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9879-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9879-1

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