Abstract
In this paper, we use the regular distribution method to design a perfect load balancing algorithm for an n-star with a maximum error of 1 and a time complexity of 3n(n+1). This algorithm is based on the novel notion of leader trees. A second algorithm proposed in this paper as an enhancement to our first algorithm and uses an arbitrary spanning tree as the leader tree and has a worst time complexity of 2.25n 2−3n+0.75. We also discuss the issue of dynamically selecting the leader tree and hybrid load balancing algorithms in general. Furthermore, we present a hybrid algorithm for load balancing on the star interconnection network which benefits from a diffusion load balancing preprocessing phase and shows a smaller mean time complexity than our two first algorithms.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Al-Ayyoub A, Day K (2003) Node ranking schemes for the star networks. J Parallel Distrib Comput 63:239–250
Akers SB, Harel D, Krishnamurthy B (1987) The star graph: an attractive alternative to the n-cube. In: Proc international conference on parallel processing, pp 393–400
Bagherzadeh N, Dowd M, Nassif N (1996) Embedding an arbitrary binary tree into the star graph. IEEE Trans Comput 45(4):475–481
Berenbrink P, Friedetzky T, Martin RA (2005) Dynamic diffusion load balancing. In: ICALP, pp 1386–1398
Berenbrink P, Friedetzky T, Zengjian H (2006) A new analytical method for parallel, diffusion-type load balancing. In: Parallel and distributed processing symposium, IPDPS, April 2006, 10 pp
Chen TS, Tseng YC, Sheu JP (1996) Balanced spanning trees in complete and incomplete star graphs. IEEE Trans Parallel Distrib Syst 7(7):717–723
Chen TS, Wang NC (2005) Optimal broadcasting on incomplete star graph interconnection networks. J Syst Architect 51(2):143–150
Elsässer R, Monien B, Preis R (2002) Diffusion schemes for load balancing on heterogeneous networks. Theory Comput Syst 35(3):305–320
Elsasser R, Monien B, Schamberger S (2004) Load balancing in dynamic networks. In: Parallel Architectures, Algorithms and Networks, 2004, pp 193–200
Jan GE, Hwang YS (2003) An efficient algorithm for perfect load balancing on hypercube multiprocessors. J Supercomput 25:5–15
Jwo JS, Lakshmivarahan S, Dhall SK (1991) Embedding of cycles and grids in star graphs. J Circ Syst Comput 1(1):43–74
Plaxton GC (1989) Load balancing, selection and sorting on the hypercube. In: Proc of the 1st ACM symposium on parallel algorithms and architectures, June 1989, pp 64–73
Qiu K, Akl SG (1994) Load balancing, selection, and sorting on the star and pancake interconnection networks. Parallel Algorithm Appl 2:27–42
Rotaru T, Nägeli HH (2004) Dynamic load balancing by diffusion in heterogeneous systems. J Parallel Distrib Comput 64(4):481–497
Sakia DK, Sen RK (1996) Two ranking schemes for efficient computation on the star interconnection network. IEEE Trans Parallel Distrib Syst 7(4):321–327
Shi W, Srimani PK (2005) Leader election in hierarchical star network. J Parallel Distrib Comput 65(11):1435–1442
Tseng CY, Chang SH, Sheu JP (1997) Fault-tolerant ring embedding in a star graph with both link and node failure. IEEE Trans Parallel Distrib Syst 8(12):1185–1195
Tseng YC, Sheu JP (1997) Toward optimal broadcast in a star graph using multiple spanning trees. IEEE Trans Comput 46(5)
Willebeek-LeMair MH, Reeves AP (1993) Strategies for dynamic load balancing on highly parallel computers. IEEE Trans Parallel Distrib Syst 4(9):979
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Imani, N., Sarbazi-Azad, H. & Akl, S.G. Perfect load balancing on the star interconnection network. J Supercomput 41, 269–286 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-007-0128-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-007-0128-2