Abstract
NIRS3: The Near Infrared Spectrometer is installed on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft to observe the target C-type asteroid 162173 Ryugu at near infrared wavelengths of 1.8 to 3.2 μm. It aims to obtain reflectance spectra in order to detect absorption bands of hydrated and hydroxide minerals in the 3 μm-band. We adopted a linear-image sensor with indium arsenide (InAs) photo diodes and a cooling system with a passive radiator to achieve an optics temperature of 188 K (\(-85^{\circ}\mbox{C}\)), which enables to retaining sufficient sensitivity and noise level in the 3 μm wavelength region. We conducted ground performance tests for the NIRS3 flight model (FM) to confirm its baseline specifications. The results imply that the properties such as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conform to scientific requirements to determine the degree of aqueous alteration, such as CM or CI chondrite, and the stage of thermal metamorphism on the asteroid surface.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to members of Meisei Electric Co., Ltd., particularly to Dr. Hajime Murao, Ms. Yuko Minagawa-Sakata, and Mr. Koji Taguchi for the design and development of the NIRS3 system and for supporting the ground-performance tests; to Dr. Norihide Takeyama (Genesia Corporation) for designing and adjusting the optical assembly; and to Mr. Sumura (Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.) for developing the InAs linear-image sensor. The authors are also thankful to Prof. Toshifumi Mukai, Prof. Hiroshi Murakami, Dr. Munetaka Ueno, and Mr. Hiroyuki Minamino (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) who provided many useful comments and advice especially for reducing noise and improving the optical performance of the NIRS3 system.
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Iwata, T., Kitazato, K., Abe, M. et al. NIRS3: The Near Infrared Spectrometer on Hayabusa2. Space Sci Rev 208, 317–337 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-017-0341-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-017-0341-0