Notes
After Claude Arien Helvetius. Frequently attributed to Voltaire.
In the UK for example, we assume that children are not in possession of all the predicates for being fully human and thus we deny them certain rights claimed universal for humans, such as the right to vote. In the United States convicted felons are excluded from the right to universal suffrage. In many jurisdictions throughout the world women are not accorded the status of being fully human, and are thus denied rights afforded to men in those jurisdictions.
References
Allan, J. 1996. Bills of rights and judicial power—a liberal’s quandary. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 16(2): 337–352.
Alston, P., ed. 1999. Protecting human rights through bills of rights: Comparative perspectives. Oxford: Oxford UP.
Arthurs, H., and B. Arnold. 2005. Does the charter matter? Review of Constitutional Studies 11: 35–117.
Banakar, R. 2004. When do rights matter? A case study of the right to equal treatment in Sweden. In Human rights brought home: Socio-legal perspectives on human rights in the national context, ed. S. Halliday and P. Schmidt. London: Hart.
Bentham, J. 2002. Rights, representation, and reform—nonsense upon stilts and other writings on the French revolution, ed. Schofield, P., C. Pease-Watkin, and C. Blamires. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Black, D. 1981. The relevance of legal anthropology. Contemporary Sociology 10(1): 43–46.
Butler, A. 1997. The Bill of Rights debate: Why the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 is a bad model for Britain. Oxford Journal of legal Studies 17(2): 332–345.
Conley, J., and W. O’Barr. 1993. Legal anthropology comes home: A brief history of the ethnographic study of law. Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 27: 41–64.
Dworkin, R. 1978. Taking rights seriously. London: Duckworth.
Epp, C.R. 1996. The judge over your shoulder: Is adversarial legalism exceptionally american? Law and Social Inquiry 28(3): 743–770.
Feinberg, J. 1970. The nature and value of rights. Journal of Value Inquiry 4: 243–257.
French, R. 1996. Of narrative in law and anthropology. Law & Society Review 30(2): 417–436.
Goodin, R., and D. Gibson. 1997. Rights young and old. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 17(2): 185–202.
Heyns, C., and F. Viljoen. 2002. The impact of the United Nations Human Rights treaties at the domestic level. The Hague: Kluwer (Cited in McNamara 2007, p. 14).
Hirschl, R. 2004. Towards juristocracy: The origins and consequences of the new constitutionalism. Cambridge MA: Harvard UP.
Hohfeld, W. 1919. Fundamental legal conceptions. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Howard, J. 2004. Transcript of the Prime Minister the Hon John Howard MP Interview with John Laws, Radio 2UE. 8 March, www.pm.gov.au/news/interviews/Interview738.html (Cited in McNamara 2007, p. 15).
Keith, L.C. 2007. Legal systems and constitutionalism in sub-Saharan Africa: An empirical examination of colonial influences on human rights. Human Rights Quarterly 29(4): 1065–1097.
Landman, T. 2002. Comparative politics and human rights. Human rights Quarterly 24:890–923 (Cited in McNamara 2007, p. 8).
Lyons, D. 1970. The correlativity of rights and duties. Nous 4: 45–57.
McNamara, L. 2007. Human rights controversies: The impact of legal form. Abingdon: Glasshouse.
Nader, L. ed. 1969. Law in culture and society. Chicago: Adline Publishing Company.
Nader, L. and H. Todd, eds. 1978. The disputing process-law in ten societies. New York: Columbia University Press.
Narveson, J. 2001. The Libertarian idea. Peterborough, ON: Broadview.
Podolefsy, A. 2001. Contemporary warfare in the New Guinea highlands. In Applying anthropology: An introductory reader, ed. A. Podolefsky and P. Brown. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield.
Steiner, H. 1994. An essay on rights. Blackwell: Oxford.
The Guardian. 2007. Cameron promises UK Bill of Rights to replace Human Rights Act The Guardian June 6, 2007, Guardian Unlimited. http://www.guardian.co.uk/frontpage/story/0,,1806118,00.html. Accessed 25 October 2007.
Thomson, J. 1990. The realm of rights. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Williams, Jr., R. 1994. Linking arms together: Multicultural constitutionalism in a North American indigenous vision of law and peace. California Law Review 82: 981.
Woolf, H. 1995. Droit Public—English style. Public Law 57–58.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Crewe, D. L. McNamara: Human Rights Controversies: The Impact of Legal Form. Int J Semiot Law 21, 303–310 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11196-008-9078-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11196-008-9078-0