Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

The political dimension of “linking social capital”: current analytical practices and the case for recalibration

  • Published:
Theory and Society Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article sets out to improve our analytical understanding of the concept of “linking social capital.” Concretely, the article focuses on disaster contexts where the importance of linking social capital intensifies both for the vulnerable communities and for the local authorities concerned. Through an analysis of existing analytical practices, the article concludes that linking social capital is often subordinated to the two related social capital concepts of bonding and bridging, and that linking social capital is often exclusively defined and operationalized based on expressions of organizational trust and participation. The article proposes a recalibration to encompass the political dynamics, and political survival theory is recommended as a way to address the hitherto underexplored governance dimension. Rather than using trust as the analytical pivot, this analytical entry point may facilitate a more nuanced understanding of the potential risks inherent in the relationships between local authorities and communities in disaster settings.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. Linking social capital was mentioned 1518 times; bridging social capital was mentioned 1678 times; and bonding social capital was mentioned 1728 times. This amounts to a linking social capital share of only 30 %, whereas bonding and bridging social capital account for 35 and 34 %, respectively. This difference between the usage of linking social capital on the one hand, and the usage of bonding or bridging on the other, is statistically significant at the 5 % level.

References

  • Adam, F., & Rončević, B. (2003). Social capital: recent debates and research trends. Social Science Information, 42(2), 155–183.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Adger, N. (1999). Social vulnerability to climate change and extremes in coastal Vietnam. World Development, 27(2), 249–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Adler, P., & Kwon, S.-W. (2002). Social capital: prospects for a new concept. The Academy of Management Review, 27(1), 17–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Agrawal, A. (2008). The role of local institutions in adaptation to climate change. Paper presented at Workshop on Social Dimensions of Climate Change, Washington DC: World Bank. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTSOCIALDEVELOPMENT/Resources/SDCCWorkingPaper_LocalInstitutions.pdf. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • Aldrich, D. (2011). The externalities of social capital: post-tsunami recovery in Southeast India. Journal of Civil Society, 8(1), 81–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aldrich, D. (2012). Building resilience: Social capital in post-disaster recovery. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Aldrich, D. (2015). It’s who you know: factors driving recovery from Japan’s 11 March 2011 disaster. Public Administration. doi:10.1111/padm.12191.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allan, J., & Catts, R. (2014). Schools, social capital and space. Cambridge Journal of Education, 44(2), 217–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bardhan, P., Mitra, S., Mookherjee, D., & Sarkar, A. (2009). Local democracy and clientelism: implications for political stability in rural west Bengal. Economic and Political Review, 44(9), 46–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • BBC (2011). Somali Islamists maintain aid ban and deny famine. July 22nd 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14246764. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • Becker, J. (1996). Hungry ghosts: Mao’s secret famine. New York: Henry Holt.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berenschot, W. (2010). Everyday mediation: the politics of public service delivery in Gujarat, India. Development and Change, 41(5), 883–905.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berenschot, W. (2011). The spatial distribution of riots: patronage and the instigation of communal violence in Gujarat, India. World Development, 39(2), 221–230.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhandari, R. (2014). Social capital in disaster risk management; a case study of social capital mobilization following the 1934 Kathmandu Valley earthquake in Nepal. Disaster Prevention and Management, 23(4), 314–328.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhandari, H., & Yasunobu, K. (2009). What is social capital? A comprehensive review of the concept. Asian Journal of Social Science, 37(3), 480–510.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bihari, M., & Ryan, R. (2012). Influence of social capital on community preparedness for wildfires. Landscape and Urban Planning, 106, 253–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boin, A., Hart, P., Stern, E., & Sundelius, B. (2005). The politics of crisis management: Public leadership under pressure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Boin, A., Mcconnell, A., & Hart, P. (Eds.). (2008). Governing after crisis—the politics of investigation, accountability and learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burt, R. (2005). Brokerage and closure: An introduction to social capital. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chuang, Y. C., Huang, Y. L., Tseng, K. C., Yen, C. H., & Yang, L. H. (2015). Social capital and health-protective behavior intentions in an influenza pandemic. PLoS ONE, 10(4), e0122970.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dikötter, F. (2010). Mao’ great famine. London: Bloomsbury.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dinh, Q., Bernhard, T., & Buchenrieder, G. (2012). Do connections matter? Individual social capital and credit constraints in Vietnam. European Journal of Development Research, 24, 337–358.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dorais, L. J. (2009). The Vietnamese in Montreal, Canada: Reflections on Intangible Capital and Immigration. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 18(2), 231--254.

  • Dufhues, T., Buchenrieder, G., Euler, D., & Munkung, N. (2011). Network based social capital and individual loan repayment performance. Journal of Development Studies, 47(8), 1199–1215.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dufhues, T., Buchenrieder, G., & Quoc, H. (2012). Social capital and loan repayment performance in Northern Vietnam. Agricultural Economics, 43(3), 277–292.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dynes, R. (2002). The importance of social capital in disaster response. Preliminary Paper 327 University of Delaware. http://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/292/PP+327.pdf?sequence=1. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • Elliott, J., Haney, T., & Sams-Abiodum, P. (2010). Limits to social capital: comparing assistance in two New Orleans neighborhoods devastated by Hurricane Katrina. The Sociological Quarterly, 51, 624–648.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson, M. (2011). Social capital and health—implications for health promotion. Global Health Action, 4, 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Evans, Peter (1997). State-society synergy: government and social capital in development. GAIA Research Series. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8mp05335. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • Ferlander, S. (2007). The importance of different forms of social capital for health. Acta Sociologica, 50, 115–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Field, J. (2008). Social capital. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flores, A., & Smith, A. (2013). Leader survival and natural disasters. British Journal of Political Science, 43(4), 821–843.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franks, S. (2013). Reporting disaster—famine, aid, politics and the media. London: Hurst and Company London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gainsborough, M. (2010). Vietnam: Rethinking the state. London: Zed Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gasper, J., & Reeves, A. (2011). Governors as opportunists: evidence from disaster declaration requests. Working paper for the American Political Science Association 2010 Annual Meeting, August 27. http://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/gasper/WorkingPapers/govreqs.pdf. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • Gittell, R., & Vidal, A. (1998). Community organizing: Building social capital as a development strategy. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkins, R., & Maurer, K. (2010). Bonding, bridging and linking: how social capital operated in New Orleans following Hurricane Katrina. British Journal of Social Work, 40(6), 1777–1793.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Healy, A., & Malhotra, N. (2009). Myopic voters and natural disaster policy. The American Political Science Review, 103, 387–406.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heltberg, R., Siegel, P. B., & Jorgensen, S. L. (2009). Addressing human vulnerability to climate change: toward a “no-regrets” approach. Global Environmental Change, 19, 89–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holland, D. S., Kitts, A. W., Da Silva, P. P., & Wiersma, J. (2013). Social capital and the success of harvest cooperatives in the New England groundfish fishery. Marine Resource Economics, 28(2), 133–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holman, N., & Rydin, Y. (2013). What can social capital tell us about planning under localism? Local Government Studies, 39(1), 71–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, C. A., Durham, W. H., & Menke, C. M. (2015). Social capital in development: bonds, bridges, and links in Osa and Golfito, Costa Rica. Human Organization, 74(3), 217–229.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inter-Agency Standing Committee (2010). Response to the humanitarian crisis in Haiti. Inter-Agency Standing Committee: Haiti Earthquake Response, 6-Month Report. https://www.ifrc.org/docs/IDRL/Haiti/IASC-Haiti_6Mos_Review_USA-2010-005-1.pdf. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • Jackson, A., & Aynte, A. (2013). Talking to the other side—humanitarian negotiations with Al-Shabaab in Somalia. HPG Working Paper, December 2013. http://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/8744.pdf. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • Jisheng, Y. (2008). Tombstone—the untold story of Mao’s great famine. London: Allan Lane.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jordana, J. (2012). The role of social capital within policy networks: evidence from EU cohesion policy in Spain. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 78(4), 642–664.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kahn, M. (2005). The death toll from natural disasters: the role of income, geography, and institutions. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 87(2), 271–284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kawachi, I., Takao, S., & Subramanian, S. V. (2013). Global perspectives on social capital and health. New York: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Keefer, P., Neumayer, E., & Plümper, T. (2011). Earthquake propensity and the politics of mortality prevention. World Development, 39(9), 1530–1541.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klandermans, B., & Staggenborg, S. (2002). Methods of social movement research. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lakoff, A. (2010). Disaster and the Politics of Intervention. New York: Columbia University Press

  • Lin, N. (2001). Social capital—a theory of social structure and action. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • López, J., & Santos, J. (2014). Does corruption have social roots? The role of culture and social capital. Journal of Business Ethics, 122(4), 697–708.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mathbor, G. (2007). Enhancement of community preparedness for natural disasters—the role of social work in building social capital for sustainable disaster relief and management. International Social Work, 50(3), 357–369.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mesquita, B., Smith, A., Siverson, R., & Morrow, J. (2003). The logic of political survival. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Middleton, A., Murie, A., & Groves, R. (2005). Social capital and neighbourhoods that work. Urban Studies, 42(10), 1711–1738.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morrow, J., Mesquita, B., Siverson, R., & Smith, A. (2008). Retesting selectorate theory: separating the effects of W from other elements of democracy. American Political Science Review, 102(3), 393–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moynihan, D. P. (2012). Extra-network organizational reputation and blame avoidance in networks: the Hurricane Katrina example. Governance, 25(4), 567–588.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muir, J. (2011). Bridging and linking in a divided society: a social capital case study from Northern Ireland. Urban Studies, 48, 959–976.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nakagawa, Y., & Shaw, R. (2004). Social capital: a missing link to disaster recovery. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, 22(1), 5–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Njuki, J., Mapila, M., Zingore, S. and Delve; R. (2008). The dynamics of social capital in influencing use of soil management options in the Chinyanja Triangle of Southern Africa. Ecology and Society, 13(2), 9 [online].

  • Norstrand, J., & Xu, Q. (2011). Social capital and health outcomes among older adults in China: the urban-rural dimension. The Gerontologist, 52, 325–334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ó Gráda, C. (2009). Famine—a short history. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelling, M. (2011). Adaptation to climate change—from resilience to transformation. Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Piliavsky, A. (Ed.). (2014). Patronage as politics in South Asia. Delhi: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plümper, T., & Neumayer, E. (2009). Famine mortality, rational political inactivity, and international food aid. World Development, 37(1), 50–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poortinga, W. (2012). Community resilience and health: the role of bonding, bridging, and linking aspects of social capital. Health and Place, 18, 286–295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Portes, A. (1998). Social capital: its origins and applications in modern sociology. Annual Review of Sociology, 24, 1–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prince, S. (1920). Catastrophe and social change. Doctoral Thesis, Faculty and Political Science, Columbia University, New York. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/37580/37580-h/37580-h.htm. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • Putnam, R. (1995). Tuning in, tuning out: the strange disappearance of social capital in America. Political Science and Politics, 28(4), 664–683.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Putzel, J. (1997). Accounting for the “dark side” of social capital: reading Robert Putnam on democracy. Journal of International Development, 9, 939–949.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reeves, A. (2011). Political disaster: unilateral powers, electoral incentives, and presidential disaster declarations. Journal of Politics, 73(4), 1142–1151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rossing, T., Rubin, O., & Brisson, I. (2010). Building short-term coping capacity and longer-term resilience through asset-based adaptation. In D. Verner (Ed.), Reducing poverty, protecting livelihoods, and building assets in a changing climate (pp. 267–303). Washington: World Bank Publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, O. (2010). Democracy and famine. Abington: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, O. (2012). The politics of starvation deaths in West Bengal—evidence from the village of Amlashol. Journal of South Asian Development, 6(1), 43–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, O. (2013). Impediments to climate-induced disaster management: Evidence from Quang Nam Province, Central Vietnam. In O. Bruun & T. Casse (Eds.), Climate change, adaptation and the environment in Central Vietnam (pp. 99–117). London: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rupesh, S. (2009). Case study on starvation death in Bihar’, PUCL vs. UOI and ORS. Writ Petition No. 196 of 2001. Report from Advisor to the Commissioner of the Supreme Court.

  • Sabatini, F. (2008). Social capital and the quality of economic development. KYKLOS, 61(3), 466–499.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sekhar, N. (2007). Social capital and fisheries management: the case of Chilika Lake in India. Environmental Management, 39, 497–505.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sen, A. (1981). Poverty and famines. Oxford: Clarendon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sen, A. (1999). Development as freedom. New York: Knopf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shepherd, J. (1993). American policy and the Ethiopian famine, 1981–85. In J. O. Field (Ed.), The challenge of famine: Recent experience, lessons learned (pp. 88–125). Sterling: Kumarian Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R., & Rimal, R. (2009). The impact of social capital on HIV-related actions as mediated by personal and proxy efficacies in Namibia. AIDS and Behavior, 13, 133–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spaaij, R. (2012). Beyond the playing field: experiences of sport, social capital, and integration among Somalis in Australia. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 35(9), 1519–1538.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Szreter, S. (2002). The state of social capital: bringing back in power, politics, and history. Theory and Society, 31(5), 573–621.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Szreter, S., & Woolcock, M. (2004). Health by association? Social capital, social theory, and the political economy of public health. International Journal of Epidemiology, 33, 650–667.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Terrion, J. (2006). Building social capital in vulnerable families: success markers of a school-based intervention program. Youth Society, 38, 155–176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomson Reuters (2016). The Thomson Reuters selection process. http://wokinfo.com/essays/journal-selection-process/. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • Titeca, K., & Vervisch, T. (2007). The dynamics of social capital and community associations in Uganda: linking capital and its consequences. World Development, 36(11), 2205–2222.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torche, F., & Valenzuela, E. (2011). Trust and reciprocity: a theoretical distinction of the sources of social capita. European Journal of Social Theory, 14(2), 181–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torkelsson, Å. (2007). Resources, not capital: a case study of the gendered distribution and productivity of social network ties in Rural Ethiopia. Rural Sociology, 72(4), 583–607.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • UN Human Rights Council (2014). Report of the independent international commission of inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic. February 12th, 2014. http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/a_hrc_25_65.pdf. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • UN Press Release (2004). Cuba: a model in hurricane risk management. IHA/943. http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2004/iha943.doc.htm. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • Urwin, P., Pietro, G., Sturgis, P., & Jack, G. (2008). Measuring the returns to networking and the accumulation of social capital: any evidence of bonding, bridging, or linking? American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 67(5), 941–968.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vervisch, T. (2011). The solidarity chain: post-conflict reconstruction and social capital building on three Burundian hillsides. Journal of Eastern African Studies, 5(1), 24–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vervisch, T., & Titeca, K. (2010). Bridging community associations in post-conflict Burundi: the difficult merging of social capital endowments and new “institutional settings”. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 48(3), 485–511.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vervisch, T., Vlassenroot, K., & Braeckman, J. (2013). Livelihoods, power, and food insecurity: adaptation of social capital portfolios in protracted crises-case study Burundi. Disasters, 37(2), 267–292.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WFP (2012). Human rights in India - status report 2012. http://wghr.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Human-Rights-in-India-Status-Report-2012.pdf. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • Woolcock, M. (1998). Social capital and economic development: toward a theoretical synthesis and policy framework. Theory and Society, 27(2), 151–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Woolcock, M. (2000). Managing risk, shocks, and opportunities in developing economies: The role of social capital. In G. Ranis (Ed.), Dimensions of development (pp. 197–212). New Haven: Yale Center for International and Area Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woolcock M. (2001). The place of social capital in understanding social and economic outcomes. OECD Paper. http://www.oecd.org/innovation/research/1824913.pdf. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • World Bank (2001). World development report 2000/2001 - attacking poverty. New York: Oxford University Press. http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~walker/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/wdr2001.pdf. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.

  • World Bank. (2009). World development report 2010: Development and climate change. Washington: World Bank.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Xuan, T., Thanh, H., Phuong, D., Thuan, H., Son, P., & Giang, S. (2009). Viet Nam: A right to food assessment. Hanoi: ActionAid.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Olivier Rubin.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

ESM 1

(PDF 353 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Rubin, O. The political dimension of “linking social capital”: current analytical practices and the case for recalibration. Theor Soc 45, 429–449 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11186-016-9277-8

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11186-016-9277-8

Keywords

Navigation