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Graphene oxide based solid acid as an efficient and reusable nano-catalyst for the green synthesis of diindolyl-oxindole derivatives in aqueous media

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Abstract

Graphene oxide nanosheets were synthesized from natural graphite powder. The prepared catalyst was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. This heterogeneous catalyst was used for the Friedel–Crafts 3-indolylation reaction of isatin with indole derivatives in water as a green media in good to excellent yields. This method has advantages including the use of water as a green solvent, short reaction time, easy workup and excellent yields.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the University of Birjand for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Birjand, P.O. Box 97175-615, Birjand, Iran

    Ali Allahresani, Mohammad Ali Nasseri & Batol Zakeri Nasab

  2. Science Department, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran

    Alireza Akbari

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  1. Ali Allahresani
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  2. Mohammad Ali Nasseri
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  3. Alireza Akbari
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  4. Batol Zakeri Nasab
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Correspondence to Mohammad Ali Nasseri.

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Allahresani, A., Nasseri, M.A., Akbari, A. et al. Graphene oxide based solid acid as an efficient and reusable nano-catalyst for the green synthesis of diindolyl-oxindole derivatives in aqueous media. Reac Kinet Mech Cat 116, 249–259 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-015-0883-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-015-0883-7

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