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Validation of the English version of the KINDL® generic children’s health-related quality of life instrument for an Asian population – results from a pilot test

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Abstract

ObjectivesTo evaluate the psychometric properties of the KINDL questionnaire in an Asian population. Methods: Consecutive patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy subjects were recruited to complete the English KINDL questionnaire. The inclusion criteria for patients were age 8–16 years, English-speaking, diagnosed with DM and absence of co-morbid conditions. Results:Thirty children with DM (mean age: 10.7 ± 1.35 years; 11M) and 39 healthy subjects (mean age: 10.6 ± 1.23 years, 17M) completed the child version whereas 31 adolescents with DM (mean age: 14.5 ± 1.48 years; 15M) and 32 healthy subjects (mean age: 14.3 ± 0.87 years, 16M) completed the adolescent version. Overall, children with DM reported better HRQoL than healthy children. Although this appeared counter-intuitive, several explanations are possible: (1) the development of resilience to the disease over time, (2) our subjects are well-managed, (3) response shift, (4) the provision of high quality medical care, (5) compared to normal children, diabetic subjects and their family pay greater attention to health issues. The reliability coefficients were (overall, scales): KINDL-Kid DM (0.79, 0.44–0.65), KINDL-Kid Healthy (0.71, 0.60–0.80), KINDL-Kiddo DM (0.77, 0.37–0.74) and KINDL-Kiddo Healthy (0.84, 0.21–0.79). Conclusions: The KINDL questionnaire appeared promising for use in Asian children. However, further validation in a sample more representative of the general population is required.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore

    H. L. Wee & S. C. Li

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Kandang Kerbau Women and Children’s Hospital, Republic of Singapore

    W. W. R. Lee

  3. Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany

    U. Ravens-Sieberer & M. Erhart

  4. Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore

    S. C. Li

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  1. H. L. Wee
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  2. W. W. R. Lee
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  3. U. Ravens-Sieberer
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  4. M. Erhart
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  5. S. C. Li
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Correspondence to S. C. Li.

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Wee, H.L., Lee, W.W.R., Ravens-Sieberer, U. et al. Validation of the English version of the KINDL® generic children’s health-related quality of life instrument for an Asian population – results from a pilot test. Qual Life Res 14, 1193–1200 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-004-2957-2

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