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Acclimation of shade-tolerant and light-resistant Tradescantia species to growth light: chlorophyll a fluorescence, electron transport, and xanthophyll content

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Abstract

In this study, we have compared the photosynthetic characteristics of two contrasting species of Tradescantia plants, T. fluminensis (shade-tolerant species), and T. sillamontana (light-resistant species), grown under the low light (LL, 50–125 µmol photons m−2 s−1) or high light (HL, 875–1000 µmol photons m−2 s−1) conditions during their entire growth period. For monitoring the functional state of photosynthetic apparatus (PSA), we measured chlorophyll (Chl) a emission fluorescence spectra and kinetics of light-induced changes in the heights of fluorescence peaks at 685 and 740 nm (F 685 and F 740). We also compared the light-induced oxidation of P700 and assayed the composition of carotenoids in Tradescantia leaves grown under the LL and HL conditions. The analyses of slow induction of Chl a fluorescence (SIF) uncovered different traits in the LL- and HL-grown plants of ecologically contrasting Tradescantia species, which may have potential ecophysiological significance with respect to their tolerance to HL stress. The fluorometry and EPR studies of induction events in chloroplasts in situ demonstrated that acclimation of both Tradescantia species to HL conditions promoted faster responses of their PSA as compared to LL-grown plants. Acclimation of both species to HL also caused marked changes in the leaf anatomy and carotenoid composition (an increase in Violaxanthin + Antheraxantin + Zeaxanthin and Lutein pools), suggesting enhanced photoprotective capacity of the carotenoids in the plants grown in nature under high irradiance. Collectively, the results of the present work suggest that the mechanisms of long-term PSA photoprotection in Tradescantia are based predominantly on the light-induced remodeling of pigment-protein complexes in chloroplasts.

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Abbreviations

AL:

Actinic light

A:

Antheraxanthin

Car:

Carotenoid(s)

CBC:

Calvin–Benson cycle

Chl:

Chlorophyll(s)

Cyt:

Cytochrome

DCMU:

3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,10-dimethyl urea

DE :

Xanthophyll de-epoxidation index

EPR:

Electron paramagnetic resonance

ETC:

Electron transport chain

F 685 :

Intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence at 685 nm

F 740 :

Intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence at 740 nm

HL:

High light

LHCII:

Light-harvesting complex II

LL:

Low light

Lut:

Lutein

NPQ:

Non-photochemical quenching

OJIP:

Polyphasic fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction

PAM:

Pulse amplitude modulation

Pc:

Plastocyanin

PSA:

Photosynthetic apparatus

PSI:

Photosystem I

PSII:

Photosystem II

PQ:

Plastoquinone

P700 :

Primary electron donor in photosystem I

QA, QB :

Electron acceptors of PSII; primary and secondary plastoquinones

qE:

Rapid (energy-dependent) component of NPQ

qI:

NPQ component related to inactivation of PSII

qM:

Medium component of NPQ

qT:

NPQ component related to state transitions

SIF:

Slow induction of fluorescence

VDE:

Violaxanthin de-epoxidase

V:

Violaxanthin

WL:

White light

Z:

Zeaxanthin

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR Project 15-04-03790a). Analysis of carotenoid composition was funded by Russian Science Foundation (RSCF Project 14-50-00029).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    Vladimir I. Mishanin, Boris V. Trubitsin, Svetlana V. Patsaeva & Alexander N. Tikhonov

  2. A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia

    Vasily V. Ptushenko

  3. N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Moscow, 119334, Russia

    Vasily V. Ptushenko & Alexander N. Tikhonov

  4. Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia

    Alexei E. Solovchenko

Authors
  1. Vladimir I. Mishanin
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  2. Boris V. Trubitsin
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  3. Svetlana V. Patsaeva
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  4. Vasily V. Ptushenko
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  5. Alexei E. Solovchenko
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  6. Alexander N. Tikhonov
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Correspondence to Alexander N. Tikhonov.

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Mishanin, V.I., Trubitsin, B.V., Patsaeva, S.V. et al. Acclimation of shade-tolerant and light-resistant Tradescantia species to growth light: chlorophyll a fluorescence, electron transport, and xanthophyll content. Photosynth Res 133, 87–102 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-017-0339-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-017-0339-1

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