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Soil microbes are linked to the allelopathic potential of different wheat genotypes

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Abstract

Background and Aims

Soil micro-circumstance and biological stress resistance were studied to validate our hypothesis that the allelopathic potential that was enhanced by breeding resulted partially from rhizophere microbes associated with the different varieties.

Methods

The rhizosphere soils from four wheat genotypes with different allelopathic potential were collected so as to compare their soil micro-environments and bio-pressure tolerances.

Results

The levels of these three categories such as bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes ranged among 1.54–26.59 × 106, 0.43–4.12 × 104, and 1.36–18.25 × 105 CFU/g soil, respectively. Wheat 22 Xiaoyan with greater allelopathic potential had higher levels of microorganisms than the other three genotypes having weak allelopathy. The soil microbial carbon and nitrogen analyses suggested that wheat could create an active microhabitat with high activities of key soil enzymes such as urease, catalase, sucrase, and dehydrogenase. Using the approximate concentrations detected in wheat rhizosphere soils, the leachates of all four wheat materials significantly inhibited the growth of the weed Descurainia sophia and take-all pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis var. Tritici.

Conclusions

Wheat exudates provided carbon and nitrogen resources for the relevant microorganism. Meanwhile, the rhizosphere soil microbes contributed to allelopathic potential of wheat by positive feedback.

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Abbreviations

MBC:

Soil biomass carbon

MBN:

Soil biomass nitrogen

CFU:

Colony forming units

TPF:

Tri-phenyl formazan

PDA:

Potato dextrose agar

IR:

Inhibition rate

DIMBOA:

2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one

C:

Carbon

N:

Nitrogen

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr Duncan Jackson for his useful comments and language editing, which have greatly improved the manuscript. This study was supported by State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University (CSBAAKF1301), National Natural Science Fund of China (30900186), Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province of China For Universities (KJ2012A140), and State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Northwest A&F University (10501-1203). The authors thank the anonymous reviewers of this paper for their useful suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China

    Shengpeng Zuo

  2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dry Land Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China

    Shengpeng Zuo, Xiuwei Li, Yongqing Ma & Shanyun Yang

  3. College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, China

    Shengpeng Zuo

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  1. Shengpeng Zuo
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  2. Xiuwei Li
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Correspondence to Shengpeng Zuo.

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Zuo, S., Li, X., Ma, Y. et al. Soil microbes are linked to the allelopathic potential of different wheat genotypes. Plant Soil 378, 49–58 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-2020-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-2020-6

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