Skip to main content
Log in

High-order finite elements in numerical electromagnetism: degrees of freedom and generators in duality

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Numerical Algorithms Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Explicit generators for high-order (r>1) scalar and vector finite element spaces generally used in numerical electromagnetism are presented and classical degrees of freedom, the so-called moments, revisited. Properties of these generators on simplicial meshes are investigated, and a general technique to restore duality between moments and generators is proposed. Algebraic and exponential optimal h- and r-error rates are numerically validated for high-order edge elements on the problem of Maxwell’s eigenvalues in a square domain.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ainsworth, M., Coyle, J.: Hierarchic finite element bases on unstructured tetrahedral meshes. Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engr. 58(/14), 2103–2130 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Ainsworth, M., Pinchedez, K.: hp-approximations theory for BDFM/RT finite elements and applications. SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 40, 2047–2068 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Arnold, D., Falk, R., Winther, R.: Finite element exterior calculus, homological techniques, and applications. Acta Numerica 15, 1–155 (2006)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Boffi, D., Fernandes, F., Gastaldi, L., Perugia, I.: Computational models of electromagnetic resonators: analysis of edge element approximation. SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 36, 1264–1290 (1999)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Bossavit, A.: On finite elements for the electricity equation. In: Whiteman, J.R. (ed.) The Mathematics of Finite Elements, pp 85–92. Academic Press, London (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bossavit, A.: Computational Electromagnetism. Academic Press Inc., San Diego (1998). Variational formulations, complementarity, edge elements

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Bossavit, A.: Generating Whitney forms of polynomial degree one and higher. IEEE Trans. Magn. 38(/2), 341–344 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Bossavit, A., Rapetti, F.: Whitney elements, from manifolds to fields. In: Azaiez, M., El Fekihand, H., Hestaven, J.S. (eds.) Spectral and High Order Methods for PDEs, ICOSAHOM 12 procs., LNCSE, vol. 95, pp 179–189. Springer-Verlag (2014)

  9. Christiansen, S.H., Rapetti, F.: On high order finite element spaces of differential forms. Math. Comput. 85/298(2016), 517–548 (2016)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Ciarlet, P.G.: The Finite Element Method for Elliptic Problems. North-Holland (1978)

  11. Coyle, J., Ledger, P.D.: Evidence of exponential convergence in the computation of Maxwell eigenvalues. Comp. Meth. Appl. Mech. Engng. 194(/2), 587–604 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Ern, A., Guermond, J.-L.: Finite element quasi-interpolation and best approximation, 2015, arXiv:1505.06931 [math.NA]

  13. Fuentes, F., Keith, B., Demkowicz, L., Nagaraj, S.: Orientation embedded high order shape functions for the exact sequence elements of all shapes. Comput. Math. Appl. 70/4, 353–458 (2015)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. Gopalakrishnan, J., Garcia-Castillo, L.E., Demkowicz, L.F.: Nédélec spaces in affine coordinates, ICES Report no. 03–48 (2003)

  15. Hiptmair, R.: Canonical construction of finite elements. Math. Comp. 68/228, 1325–1346 (1999)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Hiptmair, R.: Finite elements in computational electromagnetism. Acta Numer. 11, 237–339 (2002)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Karniadakis, G., Sherwin, S.: Spectral/hp Element Methods for CFD. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1999)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Monk, P.: Finite Element Methods for Maxwell’s Equations. Numerical Mathematics and Scientific Computation. Oxford University Press, New York (2003)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  19. Nédélec, J.C.: Mixed finite elements in \(\mathbb {R}^{3}\). Numer. Math. 35/2, 315–341 (1980)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. Nédélec, J.C.: A new family of mixed finite elements in \(\mathbb {R}^{3}\). Numer. Math. 50/1, 57–81 (1986)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Press, W.H., Teukolsky, S.A., Vetterling, W.T., Flannery, B.P.: Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing. Cambridge University Press (2007)

  22. Quarteroni, A., Valli, A.: Numerical Approximation of Partial Differentials Equations. Springer (2008)

  23. Rapetti, F.: High order edge elements on simplicial meshes. Meth. Math. en Anal. Num. 41(/6), 1001–1020 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Rapetti, F., Bossavit, A.: Geometrical localization of the degrees of freedom for Whitney elements of higher order, Special Issue on “Computational Electromagnetism”. IEE Sci. Meas. Technol. 1/1, 63–66 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Rapetti, F., Bossavit, A.: Whitney forms of higher degree. SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 47/3, 2369–2386 (2009)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Raviart, P.A., Thomas, J.-M.: Introduction à l’analyse numérique des équations aux dérivées partielles. In: Ciarlet, P.G., Lions, J.-L. (eds.) Collection Mathématiques appliquées pour la maîtrise. Masson (1988)

  27. Szabo, B., Babuska, I.: Finite Element Analysis. Wiley, New York (1991)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. Schoberl, J., Zaglmayr, S.: High order Nédélec elements with local complete sequence properties. COMPEL 24/2, 374–384 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. Solin, P., Segeth, K., Dolezel, I.: Higher-Order Finite Element Methods, Studies in Advances Mathematics. Chapman & Hall, CRC Press Company (2003)

  30. Whitney, H.: Geometric Integration Theory. Princeton University Press, Princeton (1957)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Francesca Rapetti.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bonazzoli, M., Rapetti, F. High-order finite elements in numerical electromagnetism: degrees of freedom and generators in duality. Numer Algor 74, 111–136 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11075-016-0141-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11075-016-0141-8

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification (2010)

Navigation