Abstract
With the rapid urbanization, more and more attention has been paid to land subsidence, especially induced by the coupling effect of high-rise building groups and variation of groundwater level in soft soil areas. A model test of the subsidence of a high-rise building group undergoing the groundwater withdrawal and the recharge from different aquifers was conducted and discussed in this paper. The particle image velocimetry technology was used to analyze the long-term deformation of each soil layer, and the results were in good agreement with those measured by LVDTs. The exploitation of groundwater from the deeper aquifer was a good way to control the settlement to some extent, but the subsidence cannot be avoided completely. During the dewatering, the settlement of the soil layer was out of phase with that of the pile foundation, so the negative friction appeared along the pile and the soil settlement was hindered. The compression of two aquitards was the main reason for land subsidence, which was attributed to the decrease in pore water pressure at first following expansion of unsaturated area and the occurrence of high matric suction afterward, as well as the high compressibility of silty clay. The land subsidence caused by the variation of groundwater level was irreversible, and the behavior of water recharge and exploitation in the multilayer soils was not elastic. However, the groundwater recharge had a significant effect on restraining the settlement rate.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chai JC, Shen SL, Zhu HH, Zhang XL (2004) Land subsidence due to groundwater drawdown in Shanghai. Géotechnique 54(2):143–147
Cui ZD (2008) Study on the land subsidence caused by the dense high-rise building group in the soft soil area. Tongji University, Shanghai (in Chinese)
Cui ZD, Tang YQ (2010) Land subsidence and pore structure of soils caused by the high-rise building group through centrifuge model test. Eng Geol 113(1):44–52
Cui ZD, Tang YQ, Yan XX, Yan CL, Wang HM, Wang JX (2010a) Evaluation of the geology-environmental capacity of buildings based on the ANFIS model of the floor area ratio. Bull Eng Geol Environ 69(1):111–118
Cui ZD, Tang YQ, Yan XX (2010b) Centrifuge modeling of land subsidence caused by the high-rise building group in the soft soil area. Environ Earth Sci 59(8):1819–1826
Holzer TL (1981) Preconsolidation stress of aquifer systems in areas of induced land subsidence. Water Resour Res 17(3):693–703
Hossain MS, Hu Y, Randolph MF, White DJ (2005) Limiting cavity depth for spudcan foundations penetrating clay. Géotechnique 55(9):679–690
Jie YX, Gao Y, Li GX (2007) Analysis on the land subsidence induced by city construction. Geotech Eng Tech 21(2):78–82
Li QF, Wang HM (2006) A study on land subsidence in Shanghai. Geol J China Univ 12(2):169–178 (in Chinese)
Li QF, Fang Z, Wang HM (2000) Calculation and prediction of exploitable groundwater in Shanghai. Shanghai Geol 13(2):36–43 (in Chinese)
Li Y, Hu Z, Weng T, Fonseca J, Zhang X (2014) Experimental study on the vertical deformation of sand caused by cyclic withdrawal and recharging of groundwater. Eng Geol 183:247–253
Lin PL, Hsu KC, Lin CW, Hwung HH (2015) Modeling compaction of multi-layer-aquifer system due to groundwater withdrawal. Eng Geol 187:143–155
Lv WH, Miao LC, Li CL (2011) Physical model test of land subsidence caused by groundwater withdrawal. Geo-Frontiers 2011:1623–1630
Murayama S (1969) Model experiments on land subsidence. Proc Int Symp Land Subsid 2:431–449
Poland JF (1976) Land subsidence stopped by artesian-head recovery, Santa Clara Valley, California. In: Proceedings of the Anaheim symposium December 1976: International Association of Hydrologic Sciences, vol 121, pp 124–132
Shearer TR (1998) A numerical model to calculate land subsidence, applied at Hangu in China. Eng Geol 49(2):85–93
Tang YQ, Cui ZD, Wang JX, Lu C, Yan XX (2008a) Model test study of land subsidence caused by high-rise building group in Shanghai. Bull Eng Geol Environ 67(2):173–179
Tang YQ, Cui ZD, Wang JX, Yan LP, Yan XX (2008b) Application of grey theory-based model to prediction of land subsidence due to engineering environment in Shanghai. Environ Geol 55(3):583–593
Terzaghi K (1943) Theoretical soil mechanics. Wiley, New York
White DJ, Take WA, Bolton MD (2003) Soil deformation measurement using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and photogrammetry. Géotechnique 53(7):619–631
Xue YQ, Zhang Y, Ye SJ, Wu JC, Li QF (2005) Land subsidence in China. Environ Geol 48(6):713–720
Yan XX, Gong SL, Zeng ZQ, Yu JY, Shen GP, Wang TJ (2002) Relationship between building density and land subsidence in Shanghai urban zone. Hydrogeol Eng Geol 29(6):21–25
Zhou X, Burbey TJ (2014) Deformation characteristics of a clayey interbed during fluid injection. Eng Geol 183:185–192
Acknowledgments
This study presented in this paper was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2015XKQY15) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51208503).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cui, ZD., Li, Z. & Jia, YJ. Model test study on the subsidence of high-rise building group due to variation of groundwater level. Nat Hazards 84, 35–53 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2404-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2404-z