Skip to main content
Log in

Measuring the value of mobile telecommunications networks

  • Published:
NETNOMICS: Economic Research and Electronic Networking Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Fuentelsaz, Garrido and Maicas (2015) propose an “improved” measure of network value for the mobile telecommunications industry. Unfortunately, their measure has multiple issues. For one, it is biased against networks that are small and/or active in small markets. Also, it cannot adequately take into account intertemporal changes in mobile operators’ price discrimination behaviour. Finally, where the functional form of the network effects is concerned, Fuentelsaz et al. invoke Zipf’s law without providing any empirical justification. This paper suggests an alternative for Fuentelsaz et al.’s measure and exploits as yet unused data on on-net discounts to apply it to the cases of Germany and Belgium. It is shown that the alternative measure does not suffer from the same weaknesses as Fuentelsaz et al.’s measure – bar the final one. The paper therefore screens the literature on other network industries in search of an empirical foundation for the network externality assumption. However, the paper finds that the broader literature is also still struggling with this issue.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Baraldi, A.L. (2012). The size of the critical mass as a function of the strength of network externalities: a mobile telephone estimation. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 21(4), 373–396. doi:10.1080/10438599.2011.595920.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Birke, D., & Swann, P. (2006). Network effects and the choice of mobile operator. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 16, 65–84. doi:10.1007/s00191-005-0001-5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Bohlin, A., Gruber, H., & Koutroumpis, P. (2010). Diffusion of new technology generations in mobile communications. Information Economics and Policy, 22(1), 51–60. doi:10.1016/j.infoecopol.2009.11.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Boudreau, K.J. (2012). Let a thousand flowers bloom? An early look at large numbers of software ‘apps’ developers and patterns of innovation. Organization Science, 23(1), 1409–1427. doi:10.1287/orsc.1110.0678.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Boudreau, K.J., & Jeppesen, L.B. (2012). Competing with a crowd: informally organized individuals as platform complementors. Mimeo http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1812084.

  6. Boudreau, K., & Jeppesen, L.B. (2015). Unpaid crowd complementors: the platform network effect mirage. Strategic Management Journal, 36(12), 1761–1777. doi:10.1002/smj.2324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Brynjolfsson, E., & Kemerer, C.F (1996). Network externalities in microcomputer software: an econometric analysis of the spreadsheet market. Management Science, 42(12), 1627–1647. doi:10.1287/mnsc.42.12.1627.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Briscoe, B., Odlyzko, A., & Tilly, B. (2006). Metcalfe’s law is wrong. IEEE Spectrum, 43, 34– 39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Cennamo, C. (2016). Building the value of next-generation platforms: the paradox of diminishing returns. Forthcoming in Journal of Management. doi:10.1177/0149206316658350.

  10. Chintakananda, A., & McIntyre, D.P (2014). Market entry in the presence of network effects: a real options perspective. Journal of Management, 40(2), 1535–1557. doi:10.1177/0149206311429861.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Chung, J., & Yoo, T.H. (2015). Government policy, network externalities and mobile telecommunication services: evidence from OECD countries. Applied Economics, 47(21), 2173–2183. doi:10.1080/00036846.2015.1005816.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Corts, K.S., & Lederman, M. (2009). Software exclusivity and the scope of indirect network effects in the U.S. home video game market. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 27(2), 121–136. doi:10.1016/j.ijindorg.2008.08.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Doganoglu, T., & Grzybowski, L. (2007). Estimating network effects in mobile telephony in Germany. Information Economics and Policy, 19, 65–79. doi:10.1016/j.infoecopol.2006.11.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Economides, N., & Himmelberg, Ch. (1995). Critical mass and network size with application to the US fax market. Stern School of Business, New York University, Discussion Paper EC-95-11.

  15. Fuentelsaz, L., Garrido, E., & Maicas, J.P (2015). A strategic approach to network value in network industries. Journal of Management, 41, 864–892. doi:10.1177/0149206312448399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Garcia-Swartz, D.D., & Garcia-Vicente, F. (2015). Network effects on the iPhone platform: an empirical examination, 39(10), 877–895. doi:10.1016/j.telpol.2015.07.011.

  17. Grajek, M. (2010). Estimating network effects and compatibility: evidence from the Polish mobile market. Information Economics and Policy, 22, 130–143. doi:10.1016/j.infoecopol.2009.07.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Grajek, M., & Kretschmer, T. (2009). Usage and diffusion of cellular telephony, 1998–2004. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 27, 238–249. doi:10.1016/j.ijindorg.2008.08.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Grajek, M., & Kretschmer, T. (2012). Identifying critical mass in the global cellular telephony market. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 30, 496–507. doi:10.1016/j.ijindorg.2012.06.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Karaçuka, M., Çatik, A.N., & Haucap, J. (2013). Consumer choice and local network effects in mobile telecommunications in Turkey. Telecommunications Policy, 37(4–5), 334–344. doi:10.1016/j.telpol.2012.10.005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Laffont, J.J., Rey, P., & Tirole, J. (1998). Network competition: II. Price discrimination. RAND Journal of Economics, 29, 38–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Li, Y., & Lyons, B. (2012). Market structure, regulation and the speed of mobile network penetration. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 30 (2), 697–707. doi:10.1016/j.ijindorg.2012.08.004.

  23. Liikanen, J., Stoneman, P., & Toivanen, O. (2004). Intergenerational effects in the diffusion of new technology: the case of mobile phones. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 22(8-9), 1137–1154. doi:10.1016/j.ijindorg.2004.05.006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Liu, Y., Mai, E., & Yang, J. (2015). Network externalities in online video games: an empirical analysis utilizing online product ratings. Marketing Letters, 26 (4), 679–690. doi:10.1007/s11002-015-9390-x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Madureira, A., Den Hartog, F., Bouwman, H., & Baken, N. (2013). Empirical validation of Metcalfe’s law: How Internet usage patterns have changed over time. Information Economics and Policy, 25(4), 246–256. doi:10.1016/j.infoecopol.2013.07.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Maicas, J.P., & Sese, F.J (2015). Customer-base management in network industries: the moderating role of network size and market growth. European Management Review, 12(4), 209–220. doi:10.1111/emre.12048.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. McIntyre, D.P. (2011). In a network industry, does product quality matter? Journal of Product Innovation Management, 28(1), 99–108. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5885.2010.00783.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. McIntyre, D.P., & Chintakananda, A. (2013). A real options approach to releasing ‘network’ products. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 24(1), 42–52. doi:10.1016/j.hitech.2013.02.007.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Metcalfe, B. (2013). Metcalfe’s law after 40 years of Ethernet. Computer, 46 (12), 26–31. doi:10.1109/MC.2013.374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Ohashi, H. (2003). The role of network effects in the U.S. VCR market, 1978-1986. Journal of Economics andamp; Management Strategy, 12(4), 447–496. doi:10.1111/j.1430-9134.2003.00447.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Sandbach, J. (2008). Theory and practice of on-net pricing. Vodafone Policy Paper Series, 8, 26–35.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Sannæs, H (2008). On-net pricing in mobile services. Vodafone Policy Paper Series, 8, 36–41.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Schilling, M. (2002). Technology success and failure in winner-take-all markets: the impact of learning orientation, timing, and network externalities. Academy of Management Journal, 45(2), 387–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Shankar, V., & Bayus, B.L (2003). Network effects and competition: an empirical analysis of the home video game industry. Strategic Management Journal, 24(4), 375–384. doi:10.1002/smj.296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Sheremata, W.A. (2004). Competing through innovation in network markets: strategies for challengers. Academy of Management Review, 29(3), 359–377.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Sobolewski, M., & Czajkowski, M. (2012). Network effects and preference heterogeneity in the case of mobile telecommunications markets. Telecommunications Policy, 36(3), 197–211. doi:10.1016/j.telpol.2011.12.005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Stanko, M.A., Bohlmann, J.D., & Molina-Castillo, F.-J (2013). Demand-side inertia factors and their benefits for innovativeness. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 41(2), 649–668. doi:10.1007/s11747-013-0332-y.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Steiner, M., Wiegand, N., Eggert, A., & Backhaus, K. (2016). Platform adoption in system markets: the roles of preference heterogeneity and consumer expectations. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 33(2), 276–296. doi:10.1016/j.ijresmar.2015.05.011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Stremersch, S., Tellis, G.J., Franses, P.H., & Binken, J.L.G. (2007). Indirect network effects in new product growth. Journal of Marketing, 71(3), 52–74. doi:10.1509/jmkg.71.3.52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Suarez, F. (2005). Network effects revisited: the role of strong ties in technology selection. Academy of Management Journal, 48(4), 710–720. doi:10.5465/AMJ.2005.17843947.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Van Hove, L. (2014). Metcalfe’s law: not so wrong after all. Netnomics, 15(1), 1–8. doi:10.1007/s11066-014-9084-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Van Hove, L. (2016a). Metcalfe’s law and network quality: and extension of Zhang others. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 31(1), 117–123. doi:10.1007/s11390-016-1615-9.

  43. Van Hove, L. (2016b). Testing Metcalfe’s law: pitfalls and possibilities, forthcoming in Information Economics and Policy.

  44. Weiergräber, S. (2014). Network effects and switching costs in the US wireless industry, Discussion Paper No. 512, Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems (GESY), University of Mannheim.

  45. Zhang, X., Liu, J., & Xu, Z. (2015). Tencent and Facebook data validate Metcalfe’s law. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 30(2), 246–251. doi:10.1007/s11390-015-1518-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Zhu, F., & Iansiti, M. (2012). Entry into platform-based markets. Strategic Management Journal, 33(1), 88–106. doi:10.1002/smj.941.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Zucchini, L., Claussen, J., & Trüg, M. (2013). Tariff-mediated network effects versus strategic discounting: evidence from German mobile telecommunications. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 31, 751–759. doi:10.1016/j.ijindorg.2013.04.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Leo Van Hove.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Van Hove, L. Measuring the value of mobile telecommunications networks. Netnomics 17, 191–222 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11066-016-9108-0

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11066-016-9108-0

Keywords

Navigation