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Experimental investigation of pressure drop and heat transfer performance of amino acid-functionalized MWCNT in the circular tube

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Abstract

In this research, an experimental study was conducted to clarify the forced convective heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop of water-based nanofluid including multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) flowing through a horizontal circular tube. In order to prepare a stable colloidal suspension in aqueous media, two methods of non-covalent and covalent functionalizations were used by gum Arabic (GA) and arginine (Arg), respectively. Both nanofluids of MWCNT-GA/water and MWCNT-Arg/water were prepared at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.2 mass%, and they were investigated in a laminar regime (Re = 800–2000) at constant heat flux. A significant increase in the convective heat transfer coefficient with the addition of the Arg-functionalized MWCNT was the main achievement. Also, the convective heat transfer coefficient increased with increasing the nanofluid concentration and Reynolds number. Note that the thermal performance of MWCNT-Arg/water nanofluid is better than MWCNT-GA/water nanofluid. In addition, the low mass concentration of MWCNT had an insignificant effect on the pressure drop enhancement. Performance index results also showed that both prepared nanofluids are appropriate alternative for heat transfer equipment.

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Abbreviations

A :

Surface area (m2)

C p :

Specific heat (J kg−1 K−1)

D :

Tube diameter (m)

E :

Error

h :

Heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 k−1)

I :

Current (A)

k :

Thermal conductivity (W m−1 k−1)

L :

Tube length (m)

\( \dot{m} \) :

Mass flow rate (kg s−1)

Nu :

Nusselt number

Pr :

Prandtl number

\( q^{{\prime \prime }} \) :

Heat flux (W m−2)

Q :

Heat transfer rate (W)

Re :

Reynolds number

T :

Temperature (°C)

U :

Velocity (m s−1)

V :

Voltmeter (V)

x :

Axial distance (m)

ΔP :

Pressure drop

ε:

Performance index

μ:

Fluid viscosity (Pa s)

ρ:

Density (kg m−3)

φ:

Volume fraction

bf:

Base fluid

in:

Inlet

m:

Bulk

nf:

Nanofluid

np:

Nanoparticles

s:

Wall

MWCNT:

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes

MWCNT-Arg:

Functionalization of MWCNT with Arginine

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Iran Nanotechnology Initiative Council for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    Ebrahim Hosseinipour, Saeed Zeinali Heris & Mehdi Shanbedi

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  1. Ebrahim Hosseinipour
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  2. Saeed Zeinali Heris
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  3. Mehdi Shanbedi
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Correspondence to Saeed Zeinali Heris.

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Hosseinipour, E., Heris, S.Z. & Shanbedi, M. Experimental investigation of pressure drop and heat transfer performance of amino acid-functionalized MWCNT in the circular tube. J Therm Anal Calorim 124, 205–214 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-015-5137-4

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