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Comparison study on surface depth distribution of chemical species of different nanocomposite Ti–Si binary oxides

  • Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials for catalytic, photoelectrochemical and sensor applications
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Abstract

Two depths of surface of three kinds of 10 % SiO2 Ti–Si binary oxide powder, prepared by three kinds of sol–gel processes and annealed at higher temperature, are comparatively studied by ARXPS, SEM and HRTEM. ARXPS shows that the two depths of surface for all samples enrich in Si about 38.2–63.2 % and are the mixture of TiO x (x ≤ 2), SiOy (y ≤ 2), Ti–O–Si, adsorbed O-containing species and C-containing species. With increasing depth, the change of Si/Ti ratio closely relates to the original structure formed in sol–gel. The surface contents of SiO2 and Ti–O–Si linkages increase in depth for all samples. The surface of silica-supported titania and intimately mixed silica–titania has more sub-valence Ti and Si than that of silica-coated titania, but the surface of silica-coated titania has higher concentration of Ti, O and C than that of the other two. ARXPS and SEM images consistently confirm that the surface of silica-coated titania is a porous structure. HRTEM verifies that nanocrystalline anatase TiO2 with many crystal defects has been produced in silica-coated titania.

Graphical Abstract

Three nanocomposite silica–titania binary oxide powders with three different structures were synthesized by three different sol–gel processes and analyzed by ARXPS, SEM and HRTEM. As it shows that the surface of silica-coated titania is a porous structure with more O and C, the surfaces of intimately mixed silica–titania and silica-supported titania, respectively, conglomerate and sinter with more suboxide Ti and Si.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Langfang Municipal Project (201011027) and Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (21136001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Engineering, North College of Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 065201, China

    Luyan Wang, Junkai Liu & Lingqiang Meng

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China

    Congli Zhong

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  1. Luyan Wang
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Correspondence to Luyan Wang.

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Wang, L., Liu, J., Meng, L. et al. Comparison study on surface depth distribution of chemical species of different nanocomposite Ti–Si binary oxides. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 80, 142–151 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-016-4048-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-016-4048-6

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