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Development of polybenzoxazine–silica–titania (PBZ–SiO2–TiO2) hybrid nanomaterials with high surface free energy

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Abstract

In the present work, silica and titania reinforced polybenzoxazine (PBZ–SiO2–TiO2) hybrid nanomaterial possessing high surface free energy have been developed using dimethylol-functional benzoxazine monomer (4HBA-BZ), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), 3-(isocyanatopropyl)triethoxysilane (ICPTS), titaniumisopropoxide (TIPO) through an in situ sol–gel process. Data obtained from the contact angle measurement indicate that the hybrid materials are hydrophilic in nature and possess a high surface free energy. For example, hybrid PBZ obtained from 1:1:0.6:0.4 (m:m:w:w) ratio of 4HBA-BZ:ICPTS:TEOS:TIPO (PBST4) exhibit a high surface free energy of 38.2 mJm−2 which is higher than that of neat polybenzoxazine (29.5 mJm−2). Further data resulted from thermal studies indicate that the hybrid PBZ possess higher values of Tg, thermal stability and char yield than those of neat PBZ.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank to BRNS, G. No: 2012/37C/9/BRNS, Mumbai, Govt. of India., for the financial support and also thank Dr. Manmohan Kumar, Senior Scientific Officer, BARC, Mumbai. The authors thank PSG college of Technology, Coimbatore for TEM analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer Composite Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India

    M. Selvi, S. Devaraju, M. R. Vengatesan & M. Alagar

  2. Next MEMS Lab, School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, South Korea

    S. Devaraju

  3. School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea

    M. R. Vengatesan

Authors
  1. M. Selvi
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  2. S. Devaraju
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  4. M. Alagar
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Correspondence to M. Alagar.

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Selvi, M., Devaraju, S., Vengatesan, M.R. et al. Development of polybenzoxazine–silica–titania (PBZ–SiO2–TiO2) hybrid nanomaterials with high surface free energy. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 72, 518–526 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-014-3467-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-014-3467-5

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