Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized in an aprotic solvent and applied to prepare high-refractive-index TiO2-polyimide hybrid thin films

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, very small (2–5 nm) TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized in an aprotic solvent, N,N-dimethylacetamide, via hydrolysis and condensation of titanium alkoxide at room temperature. The synthesized TiO2 sol showed 30 days of storage stability and could be used to prepare high-refractive-index TiO2-polyimide hybrid thin films by an ex-situ method that involved a spin coating and multistep baking process. The field emission scanning electron microscope image showed a flat and uniform morphology of the hybrid thin film. TiO2 domains were in the nanometer range, thus avoiding light scattering. The refractive index at 633 nm of the hybrid thin film reached 2.05, which suggested potential applications of the film to anti-reflective coatings and optical waveguides.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Caseri W (2009) Chem Eng Comm 196:549–572

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Lü C, Yang B (2009) J Mater Chem 19:2884–2901

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Liu JG, Ueda M (2009) J Mater Chem 19:8907–8919

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Macwan DP, Dave PN, Chaturvedi S (2011) J Mater Sci 46:2686–3669

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Nakayama N, Hayashi T (2007) Compos A 38:1996–2004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Nakayama N, Hayashi T (2008) Prog Organ Coat 62:274–284

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Liu JG, Nakamura Y, Ogura T, Shibasaki Y, Ando S, Ueda M (2008) Chem Mater 20:273–281

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Chen CC, Lin DJ, Don TM, Huang FH, Cheng LP (2008) J Non-Cryst Solids 354:3828–3835

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Liu Y, Lu C, Li M, Zhang L, Yang B (2008) Colloids Surf A: Physicochem Eng Asp 328:67–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Elim HI, Cai B, Kurata Y, Sugihara O, Kaino T, Adschiri T, Chu AL, Kambe NJ (2009) Phys Chem B 113:10143–10148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Rao YQ, Antalek B, Minter J, Mourey T, Blanton T, Slater G, Slater L, Fornalik J (2009) Langmuir 25:12713–12720

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Antonello A, Brusatin G, Guglielmi M, Bello V, Mattei G, Zacco G, Martucci A (2011) J Nanopart Res 13:1697–1708

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ruiterkamp GJ, Hempenius MA, Wormeester H, Vancso GJ (2011) J Nanopart Res 13:2779–2790

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Tao P, Li Y, Rungta A, Viswanath A, Gao J, Benicewicz BC, Siegel RW, Schadler LS (2011) J Mater Chem 21:18623–18629

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Liu BT, Tang SJ, Yu YY, Lin SH (2011) Colloids Surf A: Physicochem Eng Asp 377:138–143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Liu BT, Li PS (2013) Surf Coat Technol 231:301–306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Chang CC, Cheng LP, Huang FH, Lin CY, Hsieh CF, Wang WH (2010) J Sol–Gel Sci Technol 55:199–206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Chang CC, Cheng LP, Lin CY, Yu YY (2012) J Sol–Gel Sci Technol 63:30–35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Chang CM, Chang CL, Chang CC (2006) Macromol Mater Eng 291:1521–1528

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Su HW, Chen WC (2008) J Mater Chem 18:1139–1145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Chang WL, Su HW, Chen WC (2009) Eur Polym J 45:2749–2759

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Wang YW, Chen WC (2010) Compos Sci Technol 70:769–775

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Liou GS, Lin PH, Yen HJ, Yu YY, Tsai TW, Chen WC (2010) J Mater Chem 20:531–536

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Liou GS, Lin PH, Yen HJ, Yu YY, Chen WC (2010) J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48:1433–1440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Yu YY, Chien WC, Lin JM, Yu HH (2011) Thin Solid Films 519:4731–4736

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Chang CC, Pai CL, Chen WC, Jenekhe SA (2005) Thin Solid Films 479:254–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, 151, Yingzhuan Rd., Tamsui Dist, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan

    Chao-Ching Chang, Shih-Ya Hong & Liao-Ping Cheng

  2. Energy and Opto-Electronic Materials Research Center, Tamkang University, 151, Yingzhuan Rd., Tamsui Dist, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan

    Chao-Ching Chang & Liao-Ping Cheng

  3. Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gunjuan Rd., Taishan Dist, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan

    Yang-Yen Yu

  4. Center for Thin Film Technologies and Applications, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gunjuan Rd., Taishan Dist, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan

    Yang-Yen Yu

Authors
  1. Chao-Ching Chang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shih-Ya Hong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Liao-Ping Cheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yang-Yen Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chao-Ching Chang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chang, CC., Hong, SY., Cheng, LP. et al. TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized in an aprotic solvent and applied to prepare high-refractive-index TiO2-polyimide hybrid thin films. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 71, 129–135 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-014-3335-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-014-3335-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation