Abstract
In order to evaluate thoron exposure in indoor environments, field measurements of both concentration and its size distribution were carried out in three typical rural residential houses in China, and exposure dose was evaluated using dosimetric method. Results show that the thoron progeny size distributions of rural indoor environments (AMAD: 76.5 nm; GSD: 2.7) are much smaller than those of urban (AMAD: 115 nm; GSD: 2.0), which makes the dose conversion factors of thoron in rural environments [307.4 nSv/(Bq m−3 h−1)] are much higher than those in urban [113.4 nSv/(Bq m−3 h−1)]. The highest thoron exposure (10.12 mSv a−1) was found in mud house of Yangjiang, the high radiation background area.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
Fukuvi Chemical Industry Co., ltd, Sanjuhassha-cho, Fukuicity, 910-37, Japan.
Advantec MFS, Inc, 6691 Owen Drive, Pleasanton, CA94588.
Tracerlab Instruments, Horst Kelm, Kolner Str. 64-66, Postfach, P.O. Box 1922, Germany.
Pylon Electronics, Inc., 147 Colonnade Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
References
UNSCEAR (2000) Sources and effects of ionizing radiation[R]. UNSCEAR, Sweden, pp 1–5
Doi M, Fujimoto K, Kobayashi S et al (1994) Spatial distribution of thoron and radon concentrations in the ambient air of a traditional Japanese wooden house. Health Phys 66:43–49
Shang B, Iida T, Ikebe Y (1998) Influence of 220Rn on 222Rn measurement in Chinese cave dwellings. Radon and thoron in the human Environment. World Scientific, Singapore, pp 379–384
Steinhausler F (1996) Environmental 220Rn: a review. Environ Int 22:S1111–S1123
ICRP (2009) International commission on radiological protection statement on Radon. ICRP Ref 00/902/09
Zhuo WIida, Iida T (1999) An instrument for measuring equilibrium-equivalent 222Rn and 220Rn concentrations with etched track detectors. Health Phys 77:584–587
Zhang L, Guo Q, Zhuo W (2010) Measurement of the 212Pb particle size distribution indoors. Radiat Prot Dosim 141:371–373
Jarvis NS et al. (1996) LUDEP 2.0, personal computer program for calculating internal doses using the ICRP 66 respiratory tract model. NRPB-SR287
Ishikawa T, Tokonami S, Nemeth C (2007) Calculation of dose conversion factors for thoron decay products. J Radiol Prot 27:447–456
Prostendorfer J (2001) Physical parameters and dose factors of the radon and thoron decay products. Radiat Prot Dosim 94:365–373
Marsh JW, Birchall A (1998) Determination of lung-to-blood absorption rates for lead and bismuth those are appropriate for radon progeny. NRPB-M915
UNSCEAR (2006) Sources and effects of ionizing radiation[R]. UNSCEAR, ANNX E, Sweden, pp 203–213
Tschiersch J, Liwban D, Meisenberg O (2007) Increased thoron indoor concentrations and implication to inhalation dosimeter. Radiat Prot Dosim 127:73–78
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11205241).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, L., Guo, Q. & Wang, S. Dosimetric evaluation of thoron exposure in the three typical rural indoor environments of China. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 303, 1565–1568 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3798-2
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3798-2