Abstract
An amphiphilic graft copolymer (PVDF-g-PNIPAAm) with poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) main chains and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) side chains was synthesized via radical copolymerization, and flat sheet membranes of this copolymer were prepared by the phase inversion method. The process of membrane formation was investigated by ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry (UTDR). The structures and properties of the membrane, including its surface chemical structure, pore morphology, and water permeability, were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a water permeation experiment, respectively. The relationship between the process of membrane formation and the properties of the membrane was studied. The results showed that the membrane displayed temperature sensitivity. Treating the PVDF for a longer period with alkali caused more PNIPAAm to graft onto the main chains, which influenced not only the microporous structure and formation process of the membrane but also the temperature sensitivity of the performance of the membrane.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Roh DK, Ahn SH, Seo JA, Shul YG, Kim JH (2010) J Polymer Sci B Polymer Phys 48:1110–1117
Klaikherd A, Nagamani C, Thayumanavan S (2009) J Am Chem Soc 131:4830–4838
Wanderaa D, Wickramasingheb SR, Hussona SM (2010) J Am Chem Soc 357:6–35
Bittrich E, Kuntzsch M, Eichhorn KJ, Uhlmann P (2010) J Polymer Sci B Polymer Phys 48:1606–1615
Iwata H, Matsuda T (1988) J Membr Sci 38:185–199
Hirata I, Okazaki M, Iwata H (2004) Polymer 45:5569–5578
Zhang J, Chu LY, Cheng CJ, Mi DF, Zhou MY, Ju XJ (2008) Polymer 49:2595–2603
Cheng JG, Wang L, Huo J, Yu HJ, Yang Q, Deng LB (2008) J Polymer Sci B Polymer Phys 46:1529–1535
Ying L, Kang ET, Neoh KG (2002) Langmuir 18:6416–6423
Neoh JZ, Zhu LP, Zhu BK, Xu YY (2011) J Membr Sci 366:176–183
Guo YF, Feng X, Chen L, Zhao YP, Bai JN (2010) J Appl Polym Sci 116:1005–1009
Wang WY, Chen L, Yu X (2006) J Appl Polym Sci 101:833–837
Sanderson RD, Li JX, Hallbauer DK (2005) Environ Sci Technol 39:7299–7305
Anim-Mensah AR, Franklin JE, Palsule AS, Salazar LA, Widenhouse CW, Mast DB, Mark JE, Krantz WB, Clarson SJ (2010) ACS Symp Ser 10:1021–1051
Li JX, Sanderson RD, Chai GY (2006) Sens Actuator B 114:182–191
Yin J, Coutris N, Huang Y (2010) Langmuir 26:16991–16999
Schacher F, Rudolph T, Wieberger F, Ulbricht M, Mller AHE (2009) ACS Appl Mater Interfac 1:1492–1503
Xu XC, Li JX, Li HS, Cao YH, He BQ, Zhang YZ (2009) J Membr Sci 326:103–110
Mairal AP, Greenberg AR, Krants WB, Bond LJ (1999) J Membr Sci 159:185–196
Feng X, Guo YF, Zhao YP, Li JX, Chen X, He XL, Chen L (2011) Chem J Chin U 32:1424–1430
Zuo DY, Zhu BK, Cao JH, Xu YY (2006) Chin J Polym Sci 24:281–289
Ying L, Kang ET, Neoh KG (2003) J Membr Sci 224:93–106
Wang WC, Tian XD, Feng YP, Cao B, Yang WT, Zhang LQ (2010) Ind Eng Chem Res 49:1684–1690
Yu Q, Zhang YX, Chen H, Zhou F, Wu ZQ, Huang H, Brash JL (2010) Langmuir 10:1021–1027
Ying L, Wang P, Kang ET, Neoh KG (2002) Macromolecules 35:673–679
Ying L, Yu WH, Kang ET, Neoh KG (2004) Langmuir 20:6032–6040
Xue J, Chen L, Wang HL, Zhang ZB, Zhu XL, Kang ET, Neoh KG (2008) Langmuir 24:14151–14158
Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 21074091, 21174103, and 31200719), the Project for Science and Technical Development of China (grant number 2007AA03Z533), the Science Foundation of Tianjin (grant number 12JCYBJC11200), and the Key Grant Project of the Chinese Ministry of Education (grant number 209005).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhao, Y., Bai, J., Feng, X. et al. Properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride)-graft-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) membranes prepared by alkali treatment. J Polym Res 20, 32 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-012-0032-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-012-0032-1