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Insecticidal Activity and Expression of Cytochrome P450 Family 4 Genes in Aedes albopictus After Exposure to Pyrethroid Mosquito Coils

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Abstract

Mosquito coils are insecticides commonly used for protection against mosquitoes due to their toxic effects on mosquito populations. These effects on mosquitoes could induce the expression of metabolic enzymes in exposed populations as a counteractive measure. Cytochrome P450 family 4 (CYP4) are metabolic enzymes associated with a wide range of biological activities including insecticide resistance. In this study, the efficacies of three commercial mosquito coils with different pyrethroid active ingredients were assessed and their potential to induce the expression of CYP4 genes in Aedes albopictus analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR. Coils containing 0.3 % d-allethrin and 0.005 % metofluthrin exacted profound toxic effects on Ae. albopictus, inducing high mortalities (≥90 %) compared to the 0.2 % d-allethrin reference coil. CYP4H42 and CYP4H43 expressions were significantly higher in 0.3 % d-allethrin treated mosquitoes compared to the other treated populations. Short-term (KT50) exposure to mosquito coils induced significantly higher expression of both genes in 0.005 % metofluthrin exposed mosquitoes. These results suggest the evaluated products provided better protection than the reference coil; however, they also induced the expression of metabolic genes which could impact negatively on personal protection against mosquito.

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Abbreviations

CYP:

Cytochrome P450

CYP4:

Cytochrome P450 family 4

KT:

Knockdown time

KT50 :

50 % Knockdown time

KT90 :

90 % Knockdown time

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for the supports of The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) and the Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) for a TWAS-USM postgraduate fellowship, USM Research University grant [Grant #1001/PJJAUH/815095] and the Malaysian Ministry of Education [ERGS Grant #203/PPJAUH/6730097]. The logistical support of staff of the Vector Control Research Unit, Universiti Sains Malaysia is also acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Entomology Research Group, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia

    Silas W. Avicor, Mustafa F. F. Wajidi & Fatma M. A. El-garj

  2. School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia

    Zairi Jaal & Zary S. Yahaya

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  1. Silas W. Avicor
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  2. Mustafa F. F. Wajidi
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Correspondence to Silas W. Avicor.

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Avicor, S.W., Wajidi, M.F.F., El-garj, F.M.A. et al. Insecticidal Activity and Expression of Cytochrome P450 Family 4 Genes in Aedes albopictus After Exposure to Pyrethroid Mosquito Coils. Protein J 33, 457–464 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10930-014-9580-z

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