Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Eddy Current Testing and Evaluation of Far-Side Corrosion Around Rivet in Jet-Engine Intake of Aging Supersonic Aircraft

  • Published:
Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study proposes an automated inspection system to inspect far-side corrosion around rivets in the F-5 supersonic aircraft. The system includes a linear integrated Hall sensor array, a C-type exciter, and an automated scanning system. The inspection system was tested on a modified elliptical intake having artificial defects with 10-mm diameter and 0.12–1.11-mm depth. An algorithm was produced to detect the defects. The probability of detection (POD) curve was obtained with hits/misses data using a log–logistics model. Defect with depths of 0.67 and 0.98 mm were detected with 90 % POD and lower 95 % confidence bound.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hendricks, W.R.: The Aloha-airlines accident: a new era for aging aircraft. In: Atluri, S.N., Sampath, S.G., Tong, P. (eds.) Structural Integrity of Aging Airplanes, pp. 153–165. Springer, Berlin (1991)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Job M: Air Disaster, Vol. 2. Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd, ACT, Australia. ISBN 1-875671-19-6 (1996)

  3. Pitt, S., Jones, R.: Multiple-site and widespread fatigue damage in ageing aircraft. Eng. Fail. Anal. 4(4), 237–257 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Fitzpatrick, G.L., Thome, D.K., Skaugset, R.L., Shih, E.Y.C., Shih, W.C.L.: Magneto-optical/Eddy current imaging of aging aircraft: a new NDI technique. Mater. Eval. 51(12), 1402–1407 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Thome, D.K., Fitzpatrick, G.L., Skaugset, R.L., Shih, W.C.L.: Aircraft corrosion and defect inspection using advanced magneto-optic imaging technology. Proc. SPIE 2945, 365–373 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Sasi, B., Rao, B.P.C., Jayakumar, T., Raj, B.: Development of eddy current test procedure for non-destructive detection of fatigue defects and corrosion in rivets of air-intake structures. Def. Sci. J. 59(2), 106–112 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. He, Y., et al.: Pulsed eddy current technique for defect detection in aircraft riveted structures. NDT&E Int. 43, 176–181 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Sophian, A., Tian, G.Y., Taylor, D., Rudlin, J.: Design of a pulsed eddy current sensor for detection of defects in aircraft lap-joints. Sens. Actuat. A. 101, 92–98 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Abidin, I.Z., Mandache, C., Tian, G.Y., Morozov, M.: Pulsed eddy current testing with variable duty cycle on rivet joints. NDT&E Int. 42, 599–605 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Kim, J., Yang, G., Udpa, L., Udpa, S.: Classification of pulsed eddy current GMR data on aircraft structures. NDT&E Int. 43, 141–144 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Kim, J., Jun, J., Lee, J., Lee, J.: An application of a magnetic camera for an NDT system for aging aircraft. J. Korean Soc. Nondestr. Test. 30(3), 212–224 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jun, J., Choi, M., Lee, J.: Nondestructive evaluation of austenitic stainless steel using CIC-MFL and LIHaS. IEEE Trans. Mag. 47(10), 3959–3962 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Horan, P., Lowerhill, P.R., Krause, T.W.: Pulsed eddy current detection of defects in F/A-18 inner wing spar without wing skin removal using modified principal component analysis. NDT&E Int. 44, 21–27 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Jun, J., Lee, J., Park, D.: NDT of a nickel inconel specimen using by the complex induced current-magnetic flux leakage method and linearly integrated Hall sensor array. J. Korean Soc. Nondestr. Test. 27(5), 375–382 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Jun, J., Choi, M., Lee, J., Seo, J., Shin, K.: Nondestructive testing of express train wheel using the linearly integrated Hall sensors array on a curved surface. NDT&E Int. 44(5), 449–455 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Jun, J., Park, Y., Lee, J.: Real time visualization of alternating magnetic fields using 2-dimensional integrated hall sensor array. J. Electr. Eng. Elektrotech. Casopis 61(7), 32–35 (2010)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Le, M., Lee, J., Jun, J., Kim, J., Moh, S., Shin, K.: Hall sensor array based validation of estimation of defect size in metals using magnetic dipole models. NDT&E Int. 53, 18–25 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Berens A.P.: NDE reliability data analysis: American Society for Metals handbook nondestructive evaluation and quality control. ASM Int. 17, 689–701 (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Komorowski J.P., Forsyth D.S., Simpson D.L., Gould R.W: Probability of detection of corrosion in aircraft structures. RTO AVT Workshop, May 1998, Brussels, Belgium

  20. Charles Annis, P.E: Statistical best-practices for building probability of detection (POD) models. R package mh1823, Version 4.0.1 (2013). http://www.statisticalengineering.com/mh1823

  21. P.E., Charles Annis, David, A.: Alternative to single-pixel-C-scan analysis for measuring POD. In: Thompson, D.O., Chimenti, D.E. (eds.) Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 24. American Institute of Physics, New York (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Charles Annis, P.E.: MIL-HDBK-1823A. Nondestructive evaluation system reliability assessment. Department of Defense Handbook, Wright-Patterson AFB, USA (2009)

  23. Harding, C.A., Hugo, G.R.: Statistical analysis of probability of detection hit/miss data for small data sets. AIP Conf. Proc. 657(1), 1838–1845 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Knopp, J., Grandhi, R., Zeng, L., Aldrin, J.: Considerations for statistical analysis of nondestructive evaluation data: hit/miss analysis. E-J. Adv. Maint. 4(3), 105–115 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Underhill, P.R., Krause, T.W.: Eddy current analysis of mid-bore and corner cracks in bolt holes. NDT&E Int. 44, 513–518 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Schnars, U., Kück, A.: Application of POD analysis at Airbus. In: 4th European-American Workshop on Reliability of NDE, 24–26 Jun 2009, Berlin

  27. Weekes, B., Almond, D.P., Cawley, P., Barden, T.: Eddy current induced thermography: probability of detection study of small fatigue cracks in steel, titanium and nickel-based superalloy. NDT&E Int. 49, 47–56 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Kurz J.H., Jüngert, A., Dugan, S., Bobmann, G.: Probability of detection (POD) determination using ultrasound phased array for considering NDT in probabilistic damage assessments. In: 18th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing, 16–20 April 2012, Durban, South Africa

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (No. 2011-0030110), and was supported by Korean Airforce (2010HCF0077). We are grateful for the supports. We also thanks to Prof. Charles Annis (http://www.statisticalengineering.com/mh1823.) who provided us the mh1832 software.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Control and Instrumentation Engineering, Chosun University, 501-759 , Gwangju, Korea

    Jungmin Kim, Minhhuy Le & Jinyi Lee

  2. Aero Technology Research Institute, ROKAF, P.O. Box 304-160, Kumsadong, Donggu, Deagu , 701-799, Korea

    Young Ha Hwang

Authors
  1. Jungmin Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Minhhuy Le
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jinyi Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Young Ha Hwang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jinyi Lee.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kim, J., Le, M., Lee, J. et al. Eddy Current Testing and Evaluation of Far-Side Corrosion Around Rivet in Jet-Engine Intake of Aging Supersonic Aircraft. J Nondestruct Eval 33, 471–480 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-014-0242-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-014-0242-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation