Abstract
We developed a calibration system with a modulated polarization source for superconducting detectors at the 0.1-K stage in a dilution cooler. Our target application for this system is detector calibration for observations of the cosmic microwave background polarization. For this application, the calibration system is required to generate a well-characterized polarization signal in a wide frequency range; e.g., 20–300 GHz. The calibration system is attached at the bottom of the 0.1-K stage. Radio absorbers, which are attached to the inner wall of a cylindrical metal shield, emit unpolarized black-body radiation (4.5 K). The radiation reflects off an aluminum mirror at 120 K, which induces a linearly polarized component because of the finite emissivity of the mirror; the magnitude of the polarization is 60 mK in this configuration. The axis of polarization can be varied by rotation of the mirror. Therefore, the detectors measure the modulated polarization; however, unpolarized radiation into the detector is maintained constant. We succeeded in cooling the system properly. The sample stage for setting the detector achieved a temperature below 0.1 K under the 5 K load condition (some of the radiation from the absorbers and the mirror emission, 0.5 K). High-frequency components of emission from the mirror are shielded by using two thermal filters: polytetrafluoroethylene and nylon 66.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan (KAKENHI 23684017, 21111003, and 25610064). It was also partially supported by the FY 2012 and FY 2013 Joint Development Research on an Open Application Basis program of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), and the Center for the Promotion of Integrated Sciences (CPIS) of SOKENDAI.
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Takahashi, K., Mima, S., Oguri, S. et al. Calibration System with Modulated Polarization Source for Superconducting Detectors at 0.1 K. J Low Temp Phys 176, 822–828 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-013-1054-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-013-1054-8