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Kairomonal Responses of Natural Enemies and Associates of the Southern Ips (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) to Ipsdienol, Ipsenol and Cis-Verbenol

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Abstract

Bark beetle infested pines are an ephemeral habitat utilized by a diverse assemblage of insects. Although many bark beetle insect associates have little or no measurable impact on bark beetle brood production, some reduce brood production by either competing with brood for the limited phloem tissue or by feeding on brood. Several studies have observed synchrony between the colonization of hosts by bark beetles and the arrival of insect associates. Some insect associates mediate synchrony with bark beetle mass attacks with kairomonal responses to bark beetle aggregation pheromones. The objectives of this study were to document the community of Coleoptera associated with the southern Ips (Ips avulsus, Ips calligraphus and Ips grandicollis) and to test the hypothesis that synchrony of insect associates with the southern Ips is mediated by kairomonal responses to aggregation pheromones. A large community of Coleoptera (109 species) was recorded from traps baited with southern Ips pheromones. A significant treatment effect was observed for the guilds of meristem feeders, natural enemies and woodborers. The southern Ips pheromone ipsenol was broadly attractive to meristem feeders, natural enemies and woodborers and in general blends were more attractive than individual compounds. These results demonstrate that a diverse community of Coleoptera is associated with the southern Ips and that several members of this community facilitate synchrony with kairomonal responses to southern Ips aggregation pheromones.

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Acknowledgments

We thank C. M. Crowe for field assistance; Dearl Sanders of the Bob R. Jones-Idlewild Research Station, LSU AgCenter and the staff of the Oconee National Forest for assistance and access to field sites and Alexey K. Tishechkin (Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, CA) for help with Histeridae identification.

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Author notes

  1. Jeremy D. Allison

    Present address: Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste Marie, ON, P6A 2E5, Canada

  2. Matthew L. Gimmel

    Present address: Division of Entomology, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, 1501 Crestline Drive, Suite140, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, LSU Campus, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA

    Jeremy D. Allison, Jessica L. McKenney & Matthew L. Gimmel

  2. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 320 Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    Daniel R. Miller

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  1. Jeremy D. Allison
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  2. Jessica L. McKenney
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Correspondence to Jeremy D. Allison.

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The use of trade names and identification of firms or corporations does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Government of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. Funding for this research was provided by the USDA Forest Service. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

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Allison, J.D., McKenney, J.L., Miller, D.R. et al. Kairomonal Responses of Natural Enemies and Associates of the Southern Ips (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) to Ipsdienol, Ipsenol and Cis-Verbenol. J Insect Behav 26, 321–335 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10905-012-9349-1

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