Abstract
Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) have gain great research interest during the past decades. The incorporation of phosphorescent transition-metal complexes into CPEs backbones could yield organometallic CPEs (OMCPEs), which exhibit unique physical and chemical properties, enabling their applications in electroluminescence device, sensing, bioimaging and photodynamic therapy fields. This review begins with a brief introduction of synthetic approaches towards OMCPEs, followed by summary of the recent advances for applications. Some outlooks are also highlighted at the end.
References
G. Feng, D. Ding, B. Liu, Nanoscale 4, 6150 (2012)
G. Feng, J. Liang, B. Liu, Macromol. Rapid Commun. 34, 705 (2013)
F. Huang, H. Wu, Y. Cao, Chem. Soc. Rev. 39, 2500 (2010)
F. Huang, L. Hou, H. Wu, X. Wang, H. Shen, W. Cao, W. Yang, Y. Cao, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 9845 (2004)
J.K. Mwaura, M.R. Pinto, D. Witker, N. Ananthakrishnan, K.S. Schanze, J.R. Reynolds, Langmuir 21, 10119 (2005)
J.K. Mwaura, X. Zhao, H. Jiang, K.S. Schanze, J.R. Reynolds, Chem. Mater. 18, 6109 (2006)
H. Jiang, X. Zhao, A.H. Shelton, S.H. Lee, J.R. Reynolds, K.S. Schanze, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 1, 381 (2009)
H. Jiang, P. Taranekar, J.R. Reynolds, K.S. Schanze, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 48, 4300 (2009)
A. Duarte, K.Y. Pu, B. Liu, G.C. Bazan, Chem. Mater. 23, 501 (2010)
H.A. Ho, A. Najari, M. Leclerc, Acc. Chem. Res. 41, 168 (2008)
B. Liu, G.C. Bazan, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 1942 (2004)
B. Liu, G.C. Bazan, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 1188 (2006)
C. Zhu, L. Liu, Q. Yang, F. Lv, S. Wang, Chem. Rev. 112, 4687 (2012)
C.A. Traina, R.C. Bakus Ii, G.C. Bazan, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 12600 (2011)
K.Y. Pu, B. Liu, Adv. Funct. Mater. 21, 3407 (2011)
K.Y. Pu, B. Liu, Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 277 (2009)
F. Feng, F. He, L. An, S. Wang, Y. Li, D. Zhu, Adv. Mater. 20, 2959 (2008)
J. Liu, J. Geng, B. Liu, Chem. Commun. 49, 1491 (2013)
H. Shi, S. Liu, Z. An, H. Yang, J. Geng, Q. Zhao, B. Liu, W. Huang, Macromol. Biosci. 13, 1339 (2013)
Q.A. Zhao, F.Y. Li, C.H. Huang, Chem. Soc. Rev. 39, 3007 (2010)
X. Chen, J.L. Liao, Y. Liang, M.O. Ahmed, H.-E. Tseng, S.A. Chen, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 636 (2002)
P. Sun, X. Lu, Q. Fan, Z. Zhang, W. Song, B. Li, L. Huang, J. Peng, W. Huang, Macromolecules 44, 8763 (2011)
Y. You, S. Lee, T. Kim, K. Ohkubo, W.-S. Chae, S. Fukuzumi, G.-J. Jhon, W. Nam, S.J. Lippard, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 18328 (2011)
R. Lincoln, L. Kohler, S. Monro, H.M. Yin, M. Stephenson, R.F. Zong, A. Chouai, C. Dorsey, R. Hennigar, R.P. Thummel, S.A. McFarland, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135, 17161 (2013)
C. Qin, W.Y. Wong, L. Wang, Macromolecules 44, 483 (2010)
N. Thejo Kalyani, S.J. Dhoble, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 16, 2696 (2012)
H.B. Wu, F. Huang, Y.Q. Mo, W. Yang, D.L. Wang, J.B. Peng, Y. Cao, Adv. Mater. 16, 1826 (2004)
M.A. Baldo, D.F. O’Brien, Y. You, A. Shoustikov, S. Sibley, M.E. Thompson, S.R. Forrest, Nature 395, 151 (1998)
S. Liu, Q. Zhao, R. Chen, Y. Deng, Q. Fan, F. Li, L. Wang, C. Huang, W. Huang, Chem. Eur. J. 12, 4351 (2006)
T. Yasuda, I. Yamaguchi, T. Yamamoto, Adv. Mater. 15, 293 (2003)
E.A. Plummer, A. van Dijken, J.W. Hofstraat, L. De Cola, K. Brunner, Adv. Funct. Mater. 15, 281 (2005)
W. Ma, P.K. Iyer, X. Gong, B. Liu, D. Moses, G.C. Bazan, A.J. Heeger, Adv. Mater. 17, 274 (2005)
Y. Zhang, Y. Xu, Q. Niu, J. Peng, W. Yang, X. Zhu, Y. Cao, J. Mater. Chem. 17, 992 (2007)
Y. Zhang, Y. Xiong, Y. Sun, X. Zhu, J. Peng, Y. Cao, Polymer 48, 3468 (2007)
J. Geng, K. Li, W. Qin, L. Ma, G.G. Gurzadyan, B.Z. Tang, B. Liu, Small 9, 2012 (2013)
H. Shi, H. Sun, H. Yang, S. Liu, G. Jenkins, W. Feng, F. Li, Q. Zhao, B. Liu, W. Huang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 23, 3268 (2013)
H. Shi, X. Chen, S. Liu, H. Xu, Z. An, L. Ouyang, Z. Tu, Q. Zhao, Q. Fan, L. Wang, W. Huang, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 5, 4562 (2013)
X. Feng, L. Liu, S. Wang, D. Zhu, Chem. Soc. Rev. 39, 2411 (2010)
F. Feng, L. Liu, Q. Yang, S. Wang, Macromol. Rapid Commun. 31, 1405 (2010)
K. Li, B. Liu, Polym. Chem. 1, 252 (2010)
C. Tan, M.R. Pinto, M.E. Kose, I. Ghiviriga, K.S. Schanze, Adv. Mater. 16, 1208 (2004)
Y.J. Hu, Y. Liu, X.H. Xiao, Biomacromolecules 10, 517 (2009)
S.H. Murch, D. Phillips, J.A. Walker-Smith, P.J.D. Winyard, N. Meadows, S. Koletzko, B. Wehner, H.A. Cheema, R.A. Risdon, J. Klein, The Lancet 347, 1299 (1996)
K. Hoogenberg, W.J. Sluiter, R.P. Dullaart, Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 129, 151 (1993)
C.Y. Chung, V.W.W. Yam, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 18775 (2011)
F. Fu, Q. Wang, J. Environ. Mange. 92, 407 (2011)
H.T. Ratte, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 18, 89 (1999)
R. Yang, W. Chan, A.W.M. Lee, P. Xia, H. Zhang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 2884 (2003)
H. Wang, L. Xue, Y. Qian, H. Jiang, Org. Lett. 12, 292 (2009)
A. Chatterjee, M. Santra, N. Won, S. Kim, J.K. Kim, S.B. Kim, K.H. Ahn, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 2040 (2009)
K. Rurack, M. Kollmannsberger, U. Resch-Genger, J. Daub, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122, 968 (2000)
K. Haskins-Glusac, M.R. Pinto, C. Tan, K.S. Schanze, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 14964 (2004)
K. Ogawa, F. Guo, K.S. Schanze, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 207, 79 (2009)
M.H. Ha-Thi, M. Penhoat, V. Michelet, I. Leray, Org. Lett. 9, 1133 (2007)
E.M. Nolan, S.J. Lippard, Chem. Rev. 108, 3443 (2008)
R.G. Pearson, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 3533 (1963)
H. Shi, X. Ma, Q. Zhao, B. Liu, Q. Qu, Z. An, Y. Zhao, W. Huang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 24, 4823 (2014)
S.O. McDonnell, M.J. Hall, L.T. Allen, A. Byrne, W.M. Gallagher, D.F. O’Shea, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 16360 (2005)
R. Lincoln, L. Kohler, S. Monro, H. Yin, M. Stephenson, R. Zong, A. Chouai, C. Dorsey, R. Hennigar, R.P. Thummel, S.A. McFarland, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135, 17161 (2013)
Acknowledgments
We thank the Singapore National Research Foundation (R-279-000-390-281), the SMART (R279-000-378-592), and the Institute of Materials Research and Engineering of Singapore (IMRE/12-8P1103) for financial support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cai, X., Zhan, R., Feng, G. et al. Organometallic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes: Synthesis and Applications. J Inorg Organomet Polym 25, 27–36 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-014-0093-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-014-0093-1