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Prevalence of Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome in a Migrant Mixtec Population, Baja California, Mexico

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Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome (MS) and diabetes among a migrant Mixtec population residing in San Quintin, Baja California, Mexico. A cross-sectional study utilizing data collected during a 2-day clinic in 2008 in a rural farming community with a high prevalence of Mixtec Indians. Interviews and clinical examinations were performed to assess sociodemographic data, medical history and anthropometric measures. Blood samples were obtained to measure glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL. Of the 107 patients surveyed, 56 % were female and mean age was 38.5 (range: 18–74, SD = 12.6) years. Overall, 41.1 % had MS and 26.2 % had diabetes. Drinking alcohol more than once a week [adjusted OR (AOR) = 16.0, p = 0.008] and being literate (AOR = 0.38, p = 0.035) were independently associated with MS. Only female gender was significantly associated with diabetes (OR = 3.95, p = 0.005). The high prevalence of MS, diabetes and other metabolic abnormalities among migrant farm workers in San Quintin suggest the need for interventions to reduce the risk for these conditions.

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Acknowledgments

Funding and additional support were provided by the Rotary Club and the Fred H. Bixby Foundation. We wish to thank Professor Javier Martínez (Principal of Escuela Primaria Federal Bilingüe) and the residents of the colonia for their support and participation in the study. We also wish to acknowledge the support of Instituto de Servicios de Salud Publica del Estado de B.C., ISESALUD. Special thanks to Lucy Cunningham and the students and faculty from San Diego State University Graduate School of Public Health, University of California San Diego School of Medicine and Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Facultad de Medicina y Psicologia for their effort and dedication to the project. Dr. Goodman is funded through an NIH AIDS International Training Program Grant (D43TW008633).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mailstop 0507, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093-0507, USA

    David Goodman & Richard S. Garfein

  2. Facultad de Medicina y Psicología, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico

    Miguel A. Fraga & Maria-de-la-Luz Ibarra

  3. Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA

    Stephanie Brodine

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  1. David Goodman
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  2. Miguel A. Fraga
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  3. Stephanie Brodine
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  4. Maria-de-la-Luz Ibarra
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  5. Richard S. Garfein
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Correspondence to Richard S. Garfein.

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Goodman, D., Fraga, M.A., Brodine, S. et al. Prevalence of Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome in a Migrant Mixtec Population, Baja California, Mexico. J Immigrant Minority Health 15, 93–100 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-012-9717-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-012-9717-0

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