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Eco-friendly Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxic Activity on Cancer Cells

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Abstract

We herein present a simple, clean, eco-friendly and inexpensive method for green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using water extract from galls of Rhus chinensis. In this study, the reactions were conducted at 50 °C for 15 min using a magnetic stirrer and water as a solvent. AuNP characterization was performed using ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Element composition was detected via energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The possible presence of functional groups was analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The synthesized AuNPs exhibited a color change to wine red and a UV–vis peak at 532 nm. The sizes of AuNPs ranged from 20 to 40 nm, and they had oval and spherical shapes. The cytotoxic effects against MKN-28 (Adenocarcinoma), Hep3B (Heptocellular carcinoma), and MG-63 (Osteosarcoma) cells were evaluated using tetrazolium-based assay. The AuNPs induced cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner, and morphology upon cell death was differentiated via fluorescent microscopy using 4,6-Diamidino-2-pheynylindole dihydrochloridehydrate staining which predicted apoptosis.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the research funds provided by the Pukyong National University in 2016.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea

    Maheshkumar Prakash Patil, Daniel Ngabire, Hai Ha Pham Thi & Gun-Do Kim

  2. Department of Convergence Medical Science, Graduate School of Inter-departmental Programs, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea

    Min-Do Kim

  3. Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea

    Min-Do Kim

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  1. Maheshkumar Prakash Patil
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  2. Daniel Ngabire
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Correspondence to Gun-Do Kim.

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Patil, M.P., Ngabire, D., Thi, H.H.P. et al. Eco-friendly Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxic Activity on Cancer Cells. J Clust Sci 28, 119–132 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-016-1051-6

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