Abstract
Crystalline FeAlO3/FeAl2O4 nanonets were synthesized by a modified template-assisted approach using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) as a reactive and sacrificial template to direct and promote interfacial reaction growth (IRG). The as-prepared nanonets replicate the morphology of the porous AAO template and contain mixed FeAlO3 and FeAl2O4. To extend the applicability of the sacrificial-template-assisted IRG approach, porous anodic titanium oxide (ATO) was used as template in place of AAO, giving rise to Zn2TiO4 nanonet/nanotube and PbTiO3 nanonet/nanotube. These latter products are polycrystalline due to the polycrystalline nature of the ATO template. Growth mechanism for the formation of the Zn2TiO4 and PbTiO3 nanostructures is proposed. The present study shows that the IRG approach can be extended to fabricate patterned complex oxide nanomaterials that may find applications in a wide range of nanotechnologies such as electronics, photonics and spintronics.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Z. Cai and C. R. Martin (1989). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111, 4138–4139.
C. R. Martin, L. S. Van Dyke, Z. Cai, and W. Liang (1990). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112, 8976–8977.
C. J. Brumlik and C. R. Martin (1991). J. am. chem. soc. 113, 3174–3175.
C. R. Martin (1994). Science 266, 1961–1966.
X. J. Wu, F. Zhu, C. Mu, Y. Liang, L. Xu, Q. Chen, R. Chen, and D. Xu (2010). Coord. Chem. Rev. 254, 1135–1150.
X. P. Shen, H. J. Liu, X. Fan, Y. Jiang, J. M. Hong, and Z. Xu (2005). J. Cryst. Growth 276, 471–477.
Y. Mao and S. S. Wong (2004). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 15245–15252.
F. Zhang and S. S. Wong (2009). Chem. Mater. 21, 4541–4554.
B. Cheng and E. T. Samulski (2001). J. Mater. Chem. 11, 2901–2902.
J. Wan, X. Chen, Z. Wang, X. Yang, and Y. Qian (2005). J. Cryst. Growth 276, 571–576.
X. Zhu, J. Ma, Y. Wang, J. Tao, J. Zhou, Z. Zhao, L. Xie, and H. Tian (2006). Mater. Res. Bull. 41, 1584–1588.
T. Thongtem, A. Phuruangrat, and S. Thongtem (2009). Cryst. Res. Technol. 44, 865–869.
H. Su, Y. Xie, P. Gao, H. Lu, Y. Xiong, and Y. Qian (2000). Chem. Lett. 29, 790–791.
J. Yu, F. Wang, Y. Wang, H. Gao, J. Li, and K. Wu (2010). Chem. Soc. Rev. 39, 1513–1525.
L. Liu, W. Lee, R. Scholz, E. Pippel, and U. Gösele (2008). Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47, 7004–7008.
J. M. Macak, C. Zollfrank, B. J. Rodriguez, H. Tsuchiya, M. Alexe, P. Greil, and P. Schmuki (2009). Adv. Mater. 21, 3121–3125.
Y. Yang, D. S. Kim, M. Knez, R. Scholz, A. Berger, E. Pippel, D. Hesse, U. Gosele, and M. Zacharias (2008). J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 4068–4074.
J. F. Hong, M. Knez, R. Scholz, K. Nielsch, E. Pippel, D. Hesse, M. Zacharias, and U. Gosele (2006). Nat. Mater. 5, 627–631.
H. Fan, M. Knez, R. Scholz, K. Nielsch, E. Pippel, D. Hesse, U. Gosele, and M. Zacharias (2006). Nanotechnology 17, 5157.
F. Wang, Y. Wang, J. Yu, Y. Xie, J. Li, and K. Wu (2008). J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 13121–13125.
Y. Wang, W. Wen, and K. Wu (2010). Sci. China Chem. 53, 438–444.
Y. Wang, Q. Liao, H. Lei, X. P. Zhang, X. C. Ai, J. P. Zhang, and K. Wu (2006). Adv. Mater. 18, 943–947.
Y. Wang and K. Wu (2005). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 9686–9687.
F. Bouree, J. L. Baudour, E. Elbadraoui, J. Musso, C. Laurent, and A. Rousset (1996). Acta Crystallogr Sect. B 52, 217–222.
S. A. Mayén-Hernández, G. Torres-Delgado, R. Castanedo-Pérez, J. Márquez-Marín, M. Gutiérrez-Villarreal, and O. Zelaya-Angel (2008). Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 91, 1454–1457.
K. H. Yoon, J. Cho, and D. H. Kang (1999). Mater. Res. Bull. 34, 1451–1461.
A. C. Chaves, S. J. G. Lima, R. C. M. U. Araújo, M. A. M. A. Maurera, E. Longo, P. S. Pizani, L. G. P. Simőes, L. E. B. Soledade, A. G. Souza amd, and I. M. G. Santos (2006). J. Solid State Chem. 179, 985–992.
K. Jothimurugesan and S. K. Gangwal (1998). Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 37, 1929–1933.
M. W. Chu, I. Szafraniak, R. Scholz, C. Harnagea, D. Hesse, M. Alexe, and U. Gosele (2004). Nat. Mater. 3, 87–90.
I. Vrejoiu, M. Alexe, D. Hesse, and U. Gösele (2008). Adv. Funct. Mater. 18, 3892–3906.
M. E. Villafuerte-Castrejón, E. Castillo-Pereyra, J. Tartaj, L. Fuentes, D. Bueno-Baqués, G. González, and J. A. Matutes-Aquino (2004). J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 272–276, 837–839.
A. Muan and C. L. Gee (1956). J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 39, 207–214.
L. M. Atlasamd and W. K. Sumida (1958). J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 41, 150–160.
R. R. Dayal, J. A. Gard, and F. P. Glasser (1965). Acta Crystallogr. 18, 574–575.
X. Devaux, A. Rousset, J. M. Broto, H. Rakoto, and S. Askenazy (1990). J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 9, 371–372.
X. Wen, S. Wang, Y. Ding, Z. L. Wang, and S. Yang (2004). J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 215–220.
Y. Y. Fu, R. M. Wang, J. Xu, J. Chen, Y. Yan, A. V. Narlikar, and H. Zhang (2003). Chem. Phys. Lett. 379, 373–379.
Y. Xie, N. Yang, Y. Liu, and Y. Tang (1982). Sci. China Ser. B 8, 673–682.
Y. C. Xie and Y. Q. Tang (1990). Adv. Catal. 37, 1–43.
Y. Li, C. Cao, and Z. Chen (2010). J. Phys. Chem. C 114, 21029–21034.
Q. Chen and D. Xu (2009). J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 6310–6314.
M. Paulose, H. E. Prakasam, O. K. Varghese, L. Peng, K. C. Popat, G. K. Mor, T. A. Desai, and C. A. Grimes (2007). J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 14992–14997.
Y. Yang, X. Sun, B. Tay, J. Wang, Z. Dong, and H. Fan (2007). Adv. Mater. 19, 1839–1844.
Y. Yang, R. Scholz, H. J. Fan, D. Hesse, U. Gösele, and M. Zacharias (2009). ACS Nano 3, 555–562.
S. K. Manik, P. Bose, and S. K. Pradhan (2003). Mater. Chem. Phys. 82, 837–847.
C. Cheng, W. Li, T. L. Wong, K. M. Ho, K. K. Fung, and N. Wang (2011). J. Phys. Chem. C 115, 78–82.
D. Kowalski and P. Schmuki (2010). Chem. Commun. 46, 8585–8587.
A. Nourmohammadi, M. Bahrevar, S. Schulze, and M. Hietschold (2008). J. Mater. Sci. 43, 4753–4759.
L. Liu, T. Ning, Y. Ren, Z. Sun, F. Wang, W. Zhou, S. Xie, L. Song, S. Luo, D. Liu, J. Shen, W. Ma, and Y. Zhou (2008). Mater. Sci. Eng. B 149, 41–46.
M. Teresa-Buscaglia, C. Harnagea, M. Dapiaggi, V. Buscaglia, A. Pignolet, and P. Nanni (2009). Chem. Mater. 21, 5058–5065.
Z. Deng, Y. Dai, W. Chen, and X. Pei (2010). J. Phys. Chem. C 114, 1748–1751.
Y. Yang, X. Wang, C. Zhong, C. Sun, and L. Li (2008). Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 122907.
Y. Yang, X. H. Wang, C. K. Sun, and L. T. Li (2008). J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 91, 3820–3822.
Y. Yang, X. H. Wang, C. K. Sun, and L. T. Li (2008). J. Appl. Phys. 104, 124108.
I. Sieber, H. Hildebrand, A. Friedrich, and P. Schmuki (2005). Electro-chem. Commun. 7, 97–100.
H. Tsuchiya, J. Macak, I. Sieber, and P. Schmuki (2005). Small 1, 722–725.
N. K. Allam, X. J. Feng, and C. A. Grimes (2008). Chem. Mater. 20, 6477–6481.
H. Tsuchiya, J. M. Macak, I. Sieber, L. Taveira, A. Ghicov, K. Sirotna, and P. Schmuki (2005). Electrochem. Commun. 7, 295–298.
Acknowledgments
This work was jointly supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (21133001, 21333001, 21261130090) and Ministry of Science and Technology (2011CB808702, 2013CB933400), China. Partial support from Singapore NRF CREATE-SPURc project is also acknowledged.
Author Contribution
The manuscript was written through contributions of all authors, and all authors have given approval to the final version of the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shang, J., Yu, J., Wang, Y. et al. Sacrificial-Template-Assisted Syntheses of Aluminate and Titanate Nanonets via Interfacial Reaction Growth. J Clust Sci 27, 139–153 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-015-0916-4
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-015-0916-4