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Serodiagnostic Assays for Celiac Disease Based on the Open or Closed Conformation of the Autoantigen, Transglutaminase 2

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Abstract

The autoantigen of celiac disease, transglutaminase 2 (TG2), adopts an open conformation during enzymatic activation. We studied diagnostic accuracy of serodiagnostic assays using TG2 in its open and closed conformation as antigens in patients with diagnostic difficulties. The open TG2 antibody (TG2ab) test identified 93% of untreated celiac patients in contrast to 44%, 27%, and 68% detected by closed and conventional TG2ab and endomysial antibody (EmA) tests, respectively. The assay was able to detect 60% of non-responding celiac patients seronegative for conventional TG2ab and EmA. The titers of the openTG2abs were higher than those of the closed TG2abs. The serological test utilizing TG2 in an open conformation was more accurate than the other assays in finding active celiac disease even in patients having negative or borderline conventional celiac autoantibodies and in revealing poor dietary response non-invasively. It thus offers a promising tool in the diagnostics and follow-up of celiac disease.

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Acknowledgments

This study and the Celiac Disease Study Group have been financially supported by the Academy of Finland, the Sigrid Juselius Foundation, the Foundation for Pediatric Research, the Mary and Georg C. Ehrnrooth Foundation, the Competitive Research Funding of Tampere University Hospital, the Research Fund of the Finnish Celiac Society, and the European Commission IAPP grant TRANSCOM (Contract number PIA-GA-2010-251506).

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Research Center, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland

    Katri Lindfors, Outi Koskinen, Kalle Kurppa, Kaija Laurila & Markku Mäki

  2. Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland

    Pekka Collin & Katri Kaukinen

  3. School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finn-Medi 3, FIN-33014, Tampere, Finland

    Pekka Collin & Katri Kaukinen

  4. Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland

    Katri Haimila & Jukka Partanen

  5. Department of Medical Genetics and Research Program for Molecular Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Päivi Saavalainen

Authors
  1. Katri Lindfors
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  2. Outi Koskinen
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  3. Kalle Kurppa
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  4. Kaija Laurila
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  10. Katri Kaukinen
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Correspondence to Katri Kaukinen.

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Lindfors, K., Koskinen, O., Kurppa, K. et al. Serodiagnostic Assays for Celiac Disease Based on the Open or Closed Conformation of the Autoantigen, Transglutaminase 2. J Clin Immunol 31, 436–442 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-011-9514-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-011-9514-x

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