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Specific binding of a naturally occurring amyloidogenic fragment of Streptococcus mutans adhesin P1 to intact P1 on the cell surface characterized by solid state NMR spectroscopy

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Abstract

The P1 adhesin (aka Antigen I/II or PAc) of the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans is a cell surface-localized protein involved in sucrose-independent adhesion and colonization of the tooth surface. The immunoreactive and adhesive properties of S. mutans suggest an unusual functional quaternary ultrastructure comprised of intact P1 covalently attached to the cell wall and interacting with non-covalently associated proteolytic fragments thereof, particularly the ~57-kDa C-terminal fragment C123 previously identified as Antigen II. S. mutans is capable of amyloid formation when grown in a biofilm and P1 is among its amyloidogenic proteins. The C123 fragment of P1 readily forms amyloid fibers in vitro suggesting it may play a role in the formation of functional amyloid during biofilm development. Using wild-type and P1-deficient strains of S. mutans, we demonstrate that solid state NMR (ssNMR) spectroscopy can be used to (1) globally characterize cell walls isolated from a Gram-positive bacterium and (2) characterize the specific binding of heterologously expressed, isotopically-enriched C123 to cell wall-anchored P1. Our results lay the groundwork for future high-resolution characterization of the C123/P1 ultrastructure and subsequent steps in biofilm formation via ssNMR spectroscopy, and they support an emerging model of S. mutans colonization whereby quaternary P1-C123 interactions confer adhesive properties important to binding to immobilized human salivary agglutinin.

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Abbreviations

MAb:

Monoclonal antibody

MAS:

Magic angle spinning

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

ssNMR:

Solid-state NMR

CR:

Congo red

SAG:

Salivary agglutinin glycoprotein complex

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Drs. Kyle Heim and Richard Besingi for helpful discussions. This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grants R01DE08007 and R01DE21789 from the NIDCR. A portion of this work was performed in the McKnight Brain Institute at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory’s AMRIS Facility, which is supported by National Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement No. DMR-1157490, the State of Florida, and an NIH award, S10RR031637, for magnetic resonance instrumentation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Wenxing Tang, Avni Bhatt & Joanna R. Long

  2. Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Wenxing Tang, Paula J. Crowley & L. Jeannine Brady

  3. Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Adam N. Smith

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  1. Wenxing Tang
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  2. Avni Bhatt
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  4. Paula J. Crowley
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  5. L. Jeannine Brady
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Correspondence to L. Jeannine Brady or Joanna R. Long.

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Tang, W., Bhatt, A., Smith, A.N. et al. Specific binding of a naturally occurring amyloidogenic fragment of Streptococcus mutans adhesin P1 to intact P1 on the cell surface characterized by solid state NMR spectroscopy. J Biomol NMR 64, 153–164 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10858-016-0017-1

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