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Mathematics teachers’ learning: a conceptual framework and synthesis of research

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Abstract

How do practicing mathematics teachers continue to develop the knowledge and habits of mind that enable them to teach well and to improve their teaching over time? The question of how (and what) teachers learn lies at the crux of any effort to provide high-quality mathematics teaching for all students. This article reviews 106 articles written between 1985 and 2008 related to the professional learning of practicing teachers of mathematics. We offer a synthesis of this research, guided by Clarke and Hollingsworth’s (Teach Teach Educ 18(8):947–967, 2002) dynamic model of teacher growth. Their model emphasizes the recursive nature of teachers’ learning and suggests that growth in one aspect of teachers’ knowledge and practice may promote subsequent growth in other areas. We report the results in six major areas of teacher learning, identify several crosscutting themes in the literature, and make recommendations for future research aimed at understanding teachers’ professional learning.

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Notes

  1. Findings related to teachers’ use of student outcome information were coded elsewhere. For example, we coded student outcomes results as Teachers’ Practice if the results indicated that student outcomes altered teachers’ practice. The “Student Outcome” category includes results that could not be coded in the other categories, for example, student outcome data presented as evidence of program effectiveness.

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Acknowledgments

This paper is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants DRL-0723340, DRL-0719627, and DRL-0722295. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The authors thank four anonymous reviewers for their suggestions for strengthening this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Education Development Center, Inc., 43 Foundry Avenue, Waltham, MA, 02463, USA

    Lynn T. Goldsmith

  2. Syracuse University, 215 Carnegie Building, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA

    Helen M. Doerr

  3. Mills College, 5000 MacArthur Blvd., Oakland, CA, 94613, USA

    Catherine C. Lewis

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  2. Helen M. Doerr
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  3. Catherine C. Lewis
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Correspondence to Lynn T. Goldsmith.

Appendix: Articles included in the synthesis database

Appendix: Articles included in the synthesis database

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Goldsmith, L.T., Doerr, H.M. & Lewis, C.C. Mathematics teachers’ learning: a conceptual framework and synthesis of research. J Math Teacher Educ 17, 5–36 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10857-013-9245-4

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