Abstract
This study investigates the feasibility of utilising a grit blasting process to coat three nitinol substrates (a planer 2D surface, a circular wire and a cardiovascular stent geometry) with a hydroxyapatite coating. Surface characteristics of the coating on the three substrates were determined and additionally the durability of the coating post fatigue testing was analysed. The coating process resulted in a consistent covering of the substrate that resulted in an extremely hydrophilic stent surface. The surface roughness was dependant on grit blasting particle size. A general trend of smaller particle size resulted in a lower surface roughness, while particle size did not have an effect on the hydroxyapatite coating thickness. Fatigue integrity tests that simulated 16 months implantation demonstrated minimal damage to the coating. In conclusion we demonstrated the initial feasibility of using a grit blasting method to produce a consistent, hydrophilic, and durable HAp stent coating that has the capability of incorporating a drug eluting function.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baim DS, Cutlip DE, O’Shaughnessy CD, Hermiller JB, Kereiakes DJ, Giambartolomei A, et al. Final results of a randomized trial comparing the NIR stent to the Palmaz–Schatz stent for narrowings in native coronary arteries. Am J Cardiol. 2001;87(2):152–6. doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(00)01307-2.
Grube E, Silber S, Hauptmann KE, Mueller R, Buellesfeld L, Gerckens U, Russell ME. TAXUS I: six- and twelve-month results from a randomized, double-blind trial on a slow-release paclitaxel-eluting stent for de novo coronary lesions. Circulation. 2003;7(107):38–42.
Virmani R, Guagliumi G, Farb A, Musumeci G, Grieco N, Motta T, et al. Localized hypersensitivity and late coronary thrombosis secondary to a sirolimus-eluting stent: should we be cautious? Circulation. 2004;109(6):701–5.
Nakazawa G, Finn AV, Virmani R. Vascular pathology of drug-eluting stents. Herz. 2007;32(4):274–80.
Meredith IT, Ormiston J, Whitbourn R, Kay IP, Muller D, Bonan R, et al. First-in-human study of the Endeavor ABT-578-eluting phosphorylcholine-encapsulated stent system in de novo native coronary artery lesions: Endeavor I Trial. EuroIntervention. 2005;1(2):157–64.
Bosiers M, Torsello G, Gissler HM, Ruef J, Muller-Hulsbeck S, Jahnke T, et al. Nitinol stent implantation in long superficial femoral artery lesions: 12-month results of the DURABILITY I study. J Endovasc Ther. 2009;16(3):261–9.
Sun L, Berndt CC, Grey CP. Phase, structural and microstructural investigations of plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings. Mater Sci Eng A. 2003;360(1–2):70–84. doi:10.1016/s0921-5093(03)00439-8.
Joosten U, Joist A, Gosheger G, Liljenqvist U, Brandt B, von Eiff C. Effectiveness of hydroxyapatite-vancomycin bone cement in the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus induced chronic osteomyelitis. Biomaterials. 2005;26(25):5251–8. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.01.001.
van der Giessen WJ, Sorop O, Serruys PW, Peters-Krabbendam I, van Beusekom HMM. Lowering the dose of sirolimus, released from a nonpolymeric hydroxyapatite coated coronary stent, reduces signs of delayed healing. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2009;2(4):284–90. doi:10.1016/j.jcin.2008.12.012.
de Ribamar Costa J Jr, Abizaid A, Costa R, Feres F, Abizaid A, Tanajura LF, et al. Very long-term results (>2 year) of the VESTASYNC I trial with a novel, third-generation, hydroxyapatite polymer-free sirolimus-eluting stent. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(10, Supplement 1):A179.E1679. doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(10)61680-4.
Duda SH, Bosiers M, Lammer J, Scheinert D, Zeller T, Tielbeek A, et al. Sirolimus-eluting versus bare nitinol stent for obstructive superficial femoral artery disease: the SIROCCO II Trial. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2005;16(3):331–8. doi:10.1097/01.rvi.0000151260.74519.ca.
Lammer J, Bosiers M, Zeller T, Schillinger M, Boone E, Zaugg MJ et al. First clinical trial of nitinol self-expanding everolimus-eluting stent implantation for peripheral arterial occlusive disease. J Vasc Surg. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2011.01.047.
Dake MD, editor. The Zilver PTX randomized trial of paclitaxel eluting stents for femoropopliteal disease: 24 month update. Presented at the 2011 Leipzig Interventional Course, Leipzig, 19–22 Jan 2011.
O’Donoghue JG, Haverty D. Method of doping surfaces. 2008; WO 2008033867 (A2).
O’Donoghue JG, Haverty D. Method of doping surfaces. United States patent application. 2008; WO 2008033867 (A2).
Tan F, Naciri M, Dowling D, Al-Rubeai M. In vitro and in vivo bioactivity of CoBlast hydroxyapatite coating and the effect of impaction on its osteoconductivity. Biotechnol Adv. doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.07.008.
Stone GW, Teirstein PS, Meredith IT, Farah B, Dubois CL, Feldman RL, et al. A prospective, randomized evaluation of a novel everolimus-eluting coronary stent: the PLATINUM (a Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter Trial to Assess an Everolimus-Eluting Coronary Stent System [PROMUS Element] for the treatment of up to two de novo coronary artery lesions) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57(16):1700–8. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.02.016.
Shabalovskaya S, Anderegg J, Van Humbeeck J. Critical overview of Nitinol surfaces and their modifications for medical applications. Acta Biomater. 2008;4(3):447–67. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2008.01.013.
Kitahara H, Kobayashi Y, Yamaguchi M, Fujimoto Y, Nameki M, Nakayama T, et al. Damage to polymer of undelivered sirolimus-eluting stents. J Invasive Cardiol. 2008;20(3):130–3.
Silva Marques JM, Gomes PS, Silva MA, Silverio Cabrita AM, Santos JD, Fernandes MH. Growth and phenotypic expression of human endothelial cells cultured on a glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2009;20(3):725–31. doi:10.1007/s10856-008-3628-6.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Keady, F., Murphy, B.P. Investigating the feasibility of using a grit blasting process to coat nitinol stents with hydroxyapatite. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 24, 97–103 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-012-4775-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-012-4775-3