Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Structural, optical, and magnetic properties of compositionally complex bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3)

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Compositionally complex ceramics (CCCs) is an extended version of high entropy ceramics (HECs) concept where compositional space has been broadened by the inclusion of non-equimolecular compositions and relatively low entropy options to provide more flexibility in tuning the properties of materials. This study is the first experimental demonstration of the novel CCCs concept in multifunctional bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3). Compositionally complex bismuth ferrite (CCBFO) samples were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method through the incorporation of five different cations in Fe sites, BiFe1–5xMoxTixZrxNixCexO3 (x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03). Reitveld refinement reveals notable distortion in the rhombohedral R3c-type structure with a significant change in Fe–O–Fe bond angle from its ideal value of 180° to 100.2°. Mesoporous-type morphology with a substantial amount of interconnected porosity is observed from SEM micrographs. To prove the utility of the samples, optical and magnetic properties have been investigated. Bandgap value reduces to 2.12 eV from 2.86 eV with the increment of doping from 5 to 15%. M–H curve from VSM analysis indicates weak ferromagnetic behavior with narrow coercivity in all samples instead of ideal antiferromagnetism in BiFeO3. The highest saturation magnetization of 0.45 emu/gm is seen in 15%-doped CCBFO. These changes in properties are also in good agreement with the measured structural and morphological parameters. The obtained results suggest that CCCs concept can be effectively used to tune the properties of multifunctional ceramic oxides and careful selection of cations might improve the functionalities even to a new extent.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. R. Woodyard, 2,530,110 (14 November 1950).

  2. P.K. Sharma, R. Nass, H. Schmidt, Opt. Mater. (AMST) 10, 161 (1998)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. C.M. Rost, E. Sachet, T. Borman, A. Moballegh, E.C. Dickey, D. Hou, J.L. Jones, S. Curtarolo, J.P. Maria, Nat. Commun. 6, 8485 (2015)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. R. Liu, H. Chen, K. Zhao, Y. Qin, B. Jiang, T. Zhang, G. Sha, X. Shi, C. Uher, W. Zhang, L. Chen, Adv. Mater. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201702712

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. R.Z. Zhang, F. Gucci, H. Zhu, K. Chen, M.J. Reece, Inorg. Chem. 57, 13027 (2018)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. D. Bérardan, S. Franger, D. Dragoe, A.K. Meena, N. Dragoe, Phys. Status Solidi - Rapid Res. Lett. 10, 328 (2016)

  7. D. Bérardan, S. Franger, A.K. Meena, N. Dragoe, J. Mater. Chem. A (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TA03249D

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. R.Z. Zhang, M.J. Reece, J. Mater. Chem. A (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TA05698J

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Y. Meesala, Y.K. Liao, A. Jena, N.H. Yang, W.K. Pang, S.F. Hu, H. Chang, C.E. Liu, S.C. Liao, J.M. Chen, X. Guo, R.S. Liu, J. Mater. Chem. A 7, 8589 (2019)

  10. R. Hu, X.L. Wang, J. Zhang, D. Hu, J. Wu, R. Zhou, L. Li, M. Li, D. S. Li, T. Wu, Adv. Mater. Interfaces (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202000016

  11. A. Charanpahari, S.S. Umare, R. Sasikala, Appl. Surf. Sci. 282, 408 (2013)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. A.J. Wright, J. Luo, J. Mater. Sci. 55, 9812 (2020)

  13. A.J. Wright, Q. Wang, C. Huang, A. Nieto, R. Chen, J. Luo, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 40, 2120 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. D. ÇakIr, O. Gülseren, Phys. Rev. B 84, 085450 (2011)

  15. A. Sarkar, Q. Wang, A. Schiele, M.R. Chellali, S.S. Bhattacharya, D. Wang, T. Brezesinski, H. Hahn, L. Velasco, B. Breitung, Adv. Mater. 31, e1806236 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  16. H. Hayashi, H. Inaba, M. Matsuyama, N.G. Lan, M. Dokiya, H. Tagawa, Solid State Ionics 122, 1 (1999)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. G. Catalan, J.F. Scott, Adv. Mater. (2009). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200802849

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. A. Mukherjee, S. Basu, P.K. Manna, S.M. Yusuf, M. Pal, J. Mater. Chem. C (2014). https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TC00591K

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. H.T. Yi, T. Choi, S.G. Choi, Y.S. Oh, S.W. Cheong, Adv. Mater. 23, 3403 (2011)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. A.S. Poghossian, H.V. Abovian, P.B. Avakian, S.H. Mkrtchian, V.M. Haroutunian, Sens. Actuators B 4, 545 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  21. V.V. Jadhav, M.K. Zate, S. Liu, M. Naushad, R.S. Mane, K.N. Hui, S.H. Han, Appl. Nanosci. 6, 511 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. F. Gao, X. Chen, K. Yin, S. Dong, Z. Ren, F. Yuan, T. Yu, Z. Zou, J.M. Liu, Adv. Mater. (2007). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200602377

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. X. Bai, J. Wei, B. Tian, Y. Liu, T. Reiss, N. Guiblin, P. Gemeiner, B. Dkhil, I.C. Infante, J. Phys. Chem. C 120, 3595 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. S. Chauhan, M. Kumar, S. Chhoker, S.C. Katyal, M. Singh, RSC Adv. 6, 43080 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. J. Wu, Z. Fan, D. Xiao, J. Zhu, J. Wang, Prog. Mater. Sci. 84, 335 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. J. Gebhardt, A.M. Rappe, Phys. Rev. B 98, 125202 (2018)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. T. Zheng, J. Wu, J. Mater. Chem. C 3, 11326 (2015)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. A. Khesro, R. Boston, I. Sterianou, D.C. Sinclair, I.M. Reaney, J. Appl. Phys. 119, 054101 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  29. P. Chandra Sati, M. Arora, S. Chauhan, S. Chhoker, M. Kumar, J. Appl. Phys. 112, 094102 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  30. J. Rout, R.N.P. Choudhary, Phys. Lett. Sect. A 380, 288 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. L. Yu, H. Deng, W. Zhou, Q. Zhang, P. Yang, J. Chu, Mater. Lett. 170, 85 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Z. Chai, G. Tan, Z. Yue, W. Yang, M. Guo, H. Ren, A. Xia, M. Xue, Y. Liu, L. Lv, Y. Liu, J. Alloys Compd. 746, 677 (2018)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. M. Xue, G. Tan, A. Xia, Z. Chai, L. Lv, H. Ren, X. Ren, J. Li, Ceram. Int. 45, 12806 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. P. Sharma, D. Varshney, S. Satapathy, P.K. Gupta, Mater. Chem. Phys. 143, 629 (2014)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. R. Ramesh, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A 372, 20120437 (2014)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. A. Sarkar, B. Eggert, L. Velasco, X. Mu, J. Lill, K. Ollefs, S.S. Bhattacharya, H. Wende, R. Kruk, R.A. Brand, H. Hahn, Role of intermediate 4 f states in tuning the band structure of high entropy oxides. APL Mater. J. 8, 051111 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. P. Suresh, S. Srinath, J. Alloys Compd. 649, 843 (2015)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. J. Galy, J. Hernández-Velasco, A.R. Landa-Cánovas, E. Vila, A. Castro, J. Solid State Chem. 182, 1177 (2009)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. M. Hasan, M.A. Hakim, M.A. Basith, M.S. Hossain, B. Ahmmad, M.A. Zubair, A. Hussain, M.F. Islam, AIP Adv. 6, 035314 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  40. R.D. Shannon, Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A A32, 751 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. M. Tahir, S. Riaz, U. Khan, S.S. Hussain, A. Nairan, A. Akbar, M. Saleem, S. Atiq, S. Naseem, J. Alloys Compd. 832, 154725 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. A. Tamilselvan, S. Balakumar, M. Sakar, C. Nayek, P. Murugavel, K. Saravana Kumar, Dalt. Trans. 43, 5731 (2014)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. V. Mote, Y. Purushotham, B. Dole, J. Theor. Appl. Phys. 6, 1 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Y. Slimani, M.A. Almessiere, E. Hannachi, A. Baykal, A. Manikandan, M. Mumtaz, F. Ben Azzouz, Ceram. Int. 45, 2621 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. S. Irfan, S. Rizwan, Y. Shen, R. Tomovska, S. Zulfiqar, M.I. Sarwar, C.W. Nan, RSC Adv. 6, 114183 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. T.E. Quickel, L.T. Schelhas, R.A. Farrell, N. Petkov, V.H. Le, S.H. Tolbert, Nat. Commun. 6, 6562 (2015)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. I. Papadas, J.A. Christodoulides, G. Kioseoglou, G.S. Armatas, J. Mater. Chem. A 3, 1587 (2015)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. A. Sen, M.K. Hasan, Z. Islam, M.R.A. Hassan, T. Zaman, M.A. Matin, F. Gulshan, Mater. Res. Express 7, 016312 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. S. Irfan, Z. Zhuanghao, F. Li, Y.X. Chen, G.X. Liang, J.T. Luo, F. Ping, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 8, 6375 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. J.H. Nobbs, Rev. Prog. Color. Relat. Top. 15, 66 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  51. A.K. Vishwakarma, P. Tripathi, A. Srivastava, A.S.K. Sinha, O.N. Srivastava, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 42, 22677 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. A. Tumuluri, K. Lakshun Naidu, K.C. James Raju, Int. J. Chem. Tech. Res. 6, 3353 (2014)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. M.M. Rhaman, M.A. Matin, M.N. Hossain, F.A. Mozahid, M.A. Hakim, M.F. Islam, Bull. Mater. Sci. 42, 1 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. D.K. Pandey, A. Modi, P. Pandey, N.K. Gaur, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 28, 17245 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. N. Gao, W. Chen, R. Zhang, J. Zhang, Z. Wu, W. Mao, J. Yang, X. Li, W. Huang, Comput. Theor. Chem. 1084, 36 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. X. Yong, M.A.A. Schoonen, Am. Mineral. (2000). https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2000-0416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. N. Khatun, E.G. Rini, P. Shirage, P. Rajput, S.N. Jha, S. Sen, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 50, 7 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. M. Hasan, M.A. Basith, M.A. Zubair, M.S. Hossain, R. Mahbub, M.A. Hakim, M.F. Islam, J. Alloys Compd. 687, 701 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. N.S.A. Satar, A.W. Aziz, M.K. Yaakob, M.Z.A. Yahya, O.H. Hassan, T.I.T. Kudin, N.H.M. Kaus, J. Phys. Chem. C 120, 26012 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. T.A. Para, H.A. Reshi, S. Pillai, V. Shelke, Appl. Phys. A 122, 730 (2016)

  61. R. Saravanan, J. Aviles, F. Gracia, E. Mosquera, V.K. Gupta, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 109, 1239 (2018)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. A.K. Bhatnagar, K.V. Reddy, V. Srivastava, J. Phys. D 18, 9 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  63. C. Orozco, A. Melendez, S. Manadhar, S.R. Singamaneni, K.M. Reddy, K. Gandha, I.C. Niebedim, C.V. Ramana, J. Phys. Chem. C 121, 25463 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. D.K. Mishra, X. Qi, J. Alloys Compd. 504, 27 (2010)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Y. Wang, G. Xu, L. Yang, Z. Ren, X. Wei, W. Weng, P. Du, G. Shen, G. Han, Mater. Sci. Pol. 63, 239 (2009)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Z.X. Cheng, X.L. Wang, Y. Du, S.X. Dou, J. Phys. D 43, 242001 (2010)

  67. H.M. Usama, A. Sharif, M.A. Zubair, M.A. Gafur, S.M. Hoque, J. Appl. Phys. 120, 214106 (2016)

  68. M.R. Islam, M.S. Islam, M.A. Zubair, H.M. Usama, M.S. Azam, A. Sharif, J. Alloys Compd. 735, 2584 (2018)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. P. Kumar, N. Shankhwar, A. Srinivasan, M. Kar, J. Appl. Phys. 117, 194103 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  70. N. Shamir, E. Gurewitz, H. Shaked, Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A A34, 662 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. J.A. Jatau, E. Della Torre, J. Appl. Phys. 78, 4621 (1995)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. F. Huang, Z. Wang, X. Lu, J. Zhang, K. Min, W. Lin, R. Ti, T. Xu, J. He, C. Yue, J. Zhu, Sci. Rep. 3, 1 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  73. M.M. Rhaman, M.A. Matin, M.N. Hossain, M.N.I. Khan, M.A. Hakim, M.F. Islam, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 147, 109607 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

However, the authors would like to thank Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology and Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology for providing necessary testing facilities

Funding

The authors received no funding for this research from any institution or agency.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering, BUET, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    Aungkan Sen, Md Rahat Al Hassan & Fahmida Gulshan

  2. Department of Glass & Ceramic Engineering, RUET, Rajshahi, 6204, Bangladesh

    Aungkan Sen, Md Khalid Hasan, Ahsan Habib Munna, Dev Jyoti Roy & Md Rahat Al Hassan

Authors
  1. Aungkan Sen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Md Khalid Hasan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ahsan Habib Munna
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Dev Jyoti Roy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Md Rahat Al Hassan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Fahmida Gulshan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aungkan Sen.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 16 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sen, A., Hasan, M.K., Munna, A.H. et al. Structural, optical, and magnetic properties of compositionally complex bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3). J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 31, 19713–19727 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04497-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04497-y

Search

Navigation