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Pyrolytic formation of a carbonaceous solid for heavy metal adsorption

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Abstract

The solid-state pyrolysis of acetylenedicarboxylic acid, monopotassium salt at 300 °C in air results in bulk quantities of a micron-sized yet macroporous oxidized carbon, which inherently possesses high content of metal-binding sites, such as carboxylate groups, free radicals, and ether/hydroxyl units. Besides its high oxygen content, the solid is stable in water and does not leach or disorient, while it also exhibits an appreciable thermal stability, at temperature exceeding 200 °C in air. Several techniques including TEM/SEM, TGA, Raman/FT-IR, XPS, EPR, and potentiometric titrations were employed for the characterization of the solid. Furthermore, liquid phase adsorption experiments revealed that the material is an efficient heavy metal adsorbent due to the presence of diverse surface-accessible binding sites, showing unusually high metal uptake capacities for Pb2+ and Cu2+ ions (ca. 4.5 mmol g−1).

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Acknowledgements

This research was co-funded by the European Union within the framework of the program “Pythagoras I” of the “Operational Program for Education and Initial Vocational Training” of the 3rd Community Support Framework of the Hellenic Ministry of Education, funded by 25% from the national sources and by 75% from the European Social Fund (ESF), as well as, by the projects of the ministry of education of the Czech Republic (1M6198959201 and MSM6198959218). A. B. Bourlinos and A. K. Stubos acknowledge the funding support provided by the EC FP7 under Grant Agreement No. 229773 (PERL).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Materials Science, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, 15310, Athens, Greece

    A. B. Bourlinos, P. Dallas & C. Trapalis

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece

    M. A. Karakassides

  3. Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Ioannina, Seferi 2, 30100, Agrinio, Greece

    P. Stathi & Y. Deligiannakis

  4. Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacky University, Svobody 26, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic

    R. Zboril

  5. Institute of Physical Chemistry, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, 15310, Athens, Greece

    T. A. Steriotis

  6. Environmental Research Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, 15310, Athens, Greece

    A. K. Stubos

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  1. A. B. Bourlinos
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  2. M. A. Karakassides
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  3. P. Stathi
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  4. Y. Deligiannakis
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  6. P. Dallas
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  7. T. A. Steriotis
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  8. A. K. Stubos
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  9. C. Trapalis
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Correspondence to A. B. Bourlinos.

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Bourlinos, A.B., Karakassides, M.A., Stathi, P. et al. Pyrolytic formation of a carbonaceous solid for heavy metal adsorption. J Mater Sci 46, 975–982 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-010-4854-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-010-4854-0

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