Abstract
Dongfang no. 6, an intraspecific hybrid of kelp (Saccharina japonica) which was high in yield and had a high stress tolerance and was suitable for processing, was bred by crossing scientifically selected parental gametophyte clones. The sporophyte of the hybrid was raised by crossing a female gametophyte clone isolated from a Korean ecotype of S. japonica (Korean kelp) with a male gametophyte clone isolated from Lianza no. 1, a variety of S. japonica bred through continuous selection. The culture performance, stress tolerance, and suitability for processing of the hybrid and two commercial controls were compared for a period lasting 5 years (2009–2013). It was found that the hybrid was fast in growth, tolerant to high seawater temperature, resistant to strong solar irradiation, late in maturing time, and high in processed product yield. The percentage of salting processed product of the hybrid was 17.5 and 15.4 % higher than those of control 1 and 2, respectively. The yield of salting processed product of the hybrid increased by 24.2 and 38.8 % over control 1 and 2, respectively. The yield of air drying processed product of the hybrid increased by 109.4 and 88.1 % over control 1 and 2, respectively. The breeding of Dongfang no. 6 demonstrated that crossing gametophyte clones in combination with selecting desirable hybrids are highly effective for breeding kelp hybrids with high-culture performance and suitability for processing.
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Funding
This study was funded by National Supporting Program of Science and Technology of China (2012BAD55G01); National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program) of China (2012AA10A406), and Municipal Science and Technology Research and Development Project of Yantai (2013LGS002).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Approval of breeding and culturing
The parental gametophytes were isolated from either cultured kelp varieties or secondary (derivative of the cultured) wild kelp blades with the isolated gametophytes cultured and maintained indoor as germplasm. The hybrid was raised indoor as was practiced in the culture of normal kelp varieties and cultured in farming areas approved and monitored by the local governments of China. For DNA isolation, the cultured gametophytes were harvested by centrifugation and frozen in liquid nitrogen immediately and stored at −80 °C till use. The breeding of this kelp hybrid and its culture and associating handling have been approved by Provincial Agricultural Bureau of Shandong and Municipal Agricultural Bureau of Yantai (on behalf of Agricultural Department of China) and the Ethics and Safety Team of Ocean University of China. The hybrid has been approved by National Committee of Aquacultured Landraces and Elite Varieties of China (GS-02-004-2013) and noticed as a kelp hybrid suitable for culture on large scales by Agricultural Department of China.
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Li, X., Zhang, Z., Qu, S. et al. Breeding of an intraspecific kelp hybrid Dongfang no. 6 (Saccharina japonica, Phaeophyceae, Laminariales) for suitable processing products and evaluation of its culture performance. J Appl Phycol 28, 439–447 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-015-0562-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-015-0562-0