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A Test of the Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model among Ethnic Minority Youth

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Abstract

Perfectionistic self-presentation (PSP) has been identified as a vulnerability factor in the development of depressive disorders during early adolescence. The Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model (PSDM) offers a theoretical framework suggesting PSP leads to depressive symptoms via interpersonal problems and social disconnection. Previous studies have supported the role of social disconnection as a mediator in the relation between PSP and suicidal ideation, but have not evaluated interpersonal problems in the model. Furthermore, the generalizability of the model has not been established for community and ethnic minority samples. Using cross-sectional data, the present study addresses these gaps by evaluating the PSDM and including social anxiety and loneliness as indicators of interpersonal problems and social disconnection, respectively, as predictors of youth depressive symptoms. The sample includes 289 (51.2% females) predominately low income and Latino and African American youth in fifth through seventh grade in three public schools. As predicted, social anxiety mediates the relationship between both PSP and loneliness and PSP and depressive symptoms. Moreover, mediational analyses indicate that social anxiety accounts for the relation between PSP and depression. Consistent with the PSDM model, the relationship between PSP and youth depressive symptoms is mediated sequentially through both social anxiety and loneliness, but primarily among the Latino sample.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the students who participated in the study, and the school staff and administrators for their support.

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  1. Department of Psychology, DePaul University, 2219 N Kenmore Ave, Chicago, IL, 60614, USA

    Ana B. Goya Arce & Antonio J. Polo

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Correspondence to Ana B. Goya Arce.

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This research was supported in part by the Annie E. Casey Foundation (Grant No. 212.0008).

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Goya Arce, A.B., Polo, A.J. A Test of the Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model among Ethnic Minority Youth. J Abnorm Child Psychol 45, 1181–1193 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-016-0240-y

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