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Predictors of Stress Generation in Adolescents in Mainland China

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Abstract

The current longitudinal study examined whether the personality vulnerabilities of self-criticism and dependency prospectively predicted stress generation in Chinese adolescents. Participants included 1,116 adolescents (588 girls and 528 boys), aged 15 to 18 years from rural, urban and ultra-urban mainland China. Participants completed self-report measures of personality, depressive and anxious symptoms and participated in a clinical interview assessing lifetime history of depression. The occurrence of negative life events was measured using a contextual-threat interview every 6-months for a total period of 18-months. Logistic regression analyses showed that after controlling for past depressive episodes and current depressive and anxious symptoms, self-criticism was prospectively associated with the occurrence of interpersonal stress generation, but not noninterpersonal stress generation. Dependency also predicted interpersonal stress generation, although only in girls and not boys. In line with previous Western findings, girls reported more interpersonal stress generation. Analyses across 3 levels of urbanization revealed several significant differences including higher reported interpersonal stress generation in urban girls than urban boys and overall higher levels of negative life events in ultra-urban youth. In sum, findings from the current study suggest that the stress generation process may be generalizable to Chinese youth.

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Notes

  1. Because it has been suggested that personality vulnerabilities are equivalent to neuroticism (Barnett and Gotlib 1988; Coyne and Whiffen 1995), we conducted supplementary analyses controlling for Time 1 neuroticism (NEO-FFI-N, Costa and McCrae 1992). Results remained unchanged, confirming that our findings represent unique effects of dependency and self-criticism on stress generation.

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Acknowledgments

The research in this article was supported by a research grant from the Social Sciences and Research Council of Canada awarded to John R.Z. Abela.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, McGill University at the Jewish General Hospital, Institute of Community and Family Psychiatry, 4333 chemin de la Cote-Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E4, Canada

    Claire J. Starrs

  2. Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Tillett Hall, Livingston Campus, 53 Avenue E, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8040, USA

    John R. Z. Abela

  3. Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada

    David C. Zuroff & Rhonda Amsel

  4. Department of Psychology, Saint Joseph’s University, 229 Post Hall, 5600 City Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19131, USA

    Josephine H. Shih

  5. Psychological Institute, Second Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People’s Republic of China

    Shuqiao Yao & Xiong Zhao Zhu

  6. Department of Medical Psychology, Peking University Health Science Centre, Hua Yuan Bei Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China

    Wei Hong

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  1. Claire J. Starrs
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Correspondence to Claire J. Starrs.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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John R. Z. Abela is deceased.

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Starrs, C.J., Abela, J.R.Z., Zuroff, D.C. et al. Predictors of Stress Generation in Adolescents in Mainland China. J Abnorm Child Psychol 45, 1207–1219 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-016-0239-4

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