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Autism Spectrum Symptomatology in Children: The Impact of Family and Peer Relationships

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Abstract

This study examines the potential impact of family conflict and cohesion, and peer support/bullying on children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While such impacts have been established for a range of non-ASD childhood disorders, these findings may not generalize to children with ASD because of unique problems in perspective-taking, understanding others’ emotion, cognitive rigidity, and social reasoning. A structural model-building approach was used to test the extent to which family and peer variables directly or indirectly affected ASD via child anxiety/depression. The sample (N = 322) consisted of parents of children with ASD referred to two specialist clinics. The sample contained parents of children with Autistic Disorder (n = 76), Asperger Disorder (n = 188), Pervasive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (n = 21), and children with a non-ASD or no diagnosis (n = 37). Parents completed questionnaires on-line via a secure website. The key findings were that anxiety/depression and ASD symptomatology were significantly related, and family conflict was more predictive of ASD symptomatology than positive family/peer influences. The results point to the utility of expanding interventions to include conflict management for couples, even when conflict and family distress is low. Further research is needed on the potentially different meanings of family cohesion and conflict for children with ASD relative to children without ASD.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Beverlee Garnett for invaluable administrative assistance. This research was conducted during an NHMRC Career Development Fellowship awarded to the first author.

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  1. School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

    Adrian B. Kelly

  2. School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

    Michelle S. Garnett, Tony Attwood & Candida Peterson

  3. School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia

    Adrian B. Kelly

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Kelly, A.B., Garnett, M.S., Attwood, T. et al. Autism Spectrum Symptomatology in Children: The Impact of Family and Peer Relationships. J Abnorm Child Psychol 36, 1069–1081 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-008-9234-8

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