Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Optical coherence tomography-guided classification of epiretinal membranes

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Ophthalmology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

To study and classify epiretinal membranes (ERMs) based on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings. One hundred and twelve patients with ERMs were examined clinically and underwent OCT examination. The anatomical structure of the macula and vitreoretinal interface was studied. ERMs were classified in two categories: A, with posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) (91 cases), and B, with the absence of PVD (21 cases). Category A was divided into two subcategories: A1, without contraction of the ERM (37 cases), and A2, with the presence of membrane contraction (54 cases). A2 was further subdivided into A2.1, with retinal folding (15 cases), A2.2, with edema (23 cases), A2.3, with cystoid macular edema (9 cases), and A2.4, with lamellar macular hole (7 cases). Category B was divided in two subcategories: B1, without vitreomacular traction (VMT) (4 cases), and B2, with the presence of VMT (17 cases). Category B2 was subdivided into B2.1, with edema (9 cases), B2.2, presenting retinal detachment (5 cases), and B2.3, with schisis (3 cases). OCT classification of ERMs provides useful information on the anatomical structure of the retina, and the accurate estimation of vitreoretinal interface.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Brazitikos P, Dereklis D, Stangos NT (2002) Epiretinal membrane (ERM). In: Stangos NT (ed) Clinical ophthalmology. University Studio Press, Thessaloniki, pp 580–583

    Google Scholar 

  2. Roth AM, Foos RY (1971) Surface wrinkling retinopathy in eyes enucleated at autopsy. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 75:1047–1058

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. de Bustros S, Thompson JT, Michels RG, Rice TA, Glaser BM (1988) Vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membranes causing macular pucker. Br J Ophthalmol 72:692–695

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Margheiro RM (1994) Epiretinal macular membranes. In: Albert DM, Jakobiec FA (eds) Principles and practice of ophthalmology. W.B Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 919–926

    Google Scholar 

  5. Wickham L, Zdenek G (2013) Epiretinal membranes. In: Ryan SJ (ed) Retina. Saunders, St. Louis, pp 1954–1961

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. von Gunten S, Pournaras CJ, de Gottrau P, Brazitikos P (1994) Prognostic factors in surgical treatment of epiretinal membranes. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 204:309–312

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Huang D, Swanson EA, Lin CP, Schuman JS, Stinson WG, Chang W, Hee MR, Flotte T, Gregory K, Puliafito CA et al (1991) Optical coherence tomography. Science 254:1178–1181

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Izatt JA, Hee MR, Swanson EA, Lin CP, Huang D, Schuman JS, Puliafito CA, Fujimoto JG (1994) Micrometer-scale resolution imaging of the anterior eye in vivo with optical coherence tomography. Arch Ophthalmol 112:1584–1589

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Hee MR, Izatt JA, Swanson EA, Huang D, Schuman JS, Lin CP, Puliafito CA, Fujimoto JG (1995) Optical coherence tomography of the human retina. Arch Ophthalmol 113:325–332

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Fujimoto JG (2003) Optical coherence tomography for ultrahigh resolution in vivo imaging. Nat Biotechnol 21:1361–1367

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Gamulescu MA, Helbig H (2011) OCT in macular diagnostics—possibilities and limitations. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 228:599–606

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Dellaporta A (1973) Macular pucker and peripheral retinal lesions. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 71:329–340

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Charles S (1987) Vitreous microsurgery, 2nd edn. Williams and Wilkins Co, Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

  14. Poliner LS, Olk RJ, Grand MG, Escoffery RF, Okun E, Boniuk I (1988) Surgical management of premacular fibroplasia. Arch Ophthalmol 106:761–764

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Rice TA, De Bustros S, Michels RG, Thompson JT, Debanne SM, Rowland DY (1986) Prognostic factors in vitrectomy for epiretinal membranes of the macula. Ophthalmology 93:602–610

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Pesin SR, Olk RJ, Grand MG, Boniuk I, Arribas NP, Thomas MA, Williams DF, Burgess D (1991) Vitrectomy for premacular fibroplasia. Prognostic factors, long-term follow-up, and time course of visual improvement. Ophthalmology 98:1109–1114

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Immonen I, Vaheri A, Tommila P, Siren V (1996) Plasminogen activation in epiretinal membranes. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 234:664–669

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Nussenblatt RB, Kaufman SC, Palestine AG, Davis MD, Ferris FL III (1987) Macular thickening and visual acuity: measurements in patients with cystoid macular edema. Ophthalmology 94:1134–1139

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Liu X, Ling Y, Huang J, Zheng X (2002) Optic coherence tomography of idiopathic macular epiretinal membranes. Yan Ke Xue Bao 18:14–19

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Michalewski J, Michalewska Z, Cisiecki S, Nawrocki J (2007) Morphologically functional correlations of macular pathology connected with epiretinal membrane formation in spectral optical coherence tomography (SOCT). Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 245:1623–1631

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Suzuki T, Terasaki H, Niwa T, Mori M, Kondo M, Miyake Y (2003) Optical coherence tomography and focal macular electroretinogram in eyes with epiretinal membrane and macular pseudohole. Am J Ophthalmol 136:62–67

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Trese M, Chandler D, Machemer R (1983) Macular pucker. II ultrastructure. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 221:16–26

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Gass JDM (1997) stereoscopic atlas of macular diseases; diagnosis and treatment, 4th edn. Mosby, St. Louis, pp 938–951

    Google Scholar 

  24. Wise GN (1975) Clinical features of idiopathic preretinal macular fibrosis. Am J Ophthalmol 79:349–357

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Appiah AP, Hirose T, Kado M (1988) A review of 324 cases of idiopathic premacular gliosis. Am J Ophthalmol 106:533–535

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Sidd RJ, Fine SL, Owens SL, Patz A (1982) Idiopathic preretinal gliosis. Am J Ophthalmol 94:44–48

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Hirokawa H, Jalkh AE, Takahashi M, Takahashi M, Trempe CL, Schepens CL (1986) Role of the vitreous in idiopathic preretinal fibrosis. Am J Ophthalmol 101:166–169

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Wilkins JR, Puliafito CA, Hee MR, Duker JS, Reichel E, Coker JG, Schuman JS, Swanson EA, Fujimoto JG (1996) Characterization of epiretinal membranes using optical coherence tomography. Ophthalmology 103:2142–2151

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Johnson MW (2004) Epiretinal membrane. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS (eds) Ophthalmology, 2nd edn. Mosby, St. Louis, pp 947–950

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Conflict of interest

The authors report no conflict of interests. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. The manuscript has not been published elsewhere, and it has not been submitted simultaneously for publication elsewhere.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1st Ophthalmology Department, AHEPA University Hospital, St. Kiriakidi 1, P.O. 54636, Thessaloníki, Greece

    Vasileios Konidaris, Sofia Androudi, Alexandros Alexandridis, Anna Dastiridou & Periklis Brazitikos

Authors
  1. Vasileios Konidaris
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sofia Androudi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Alexandros Alexandridis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Anna Dastiridou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Periklis Brazitikos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vasileios Konidaris.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Konidaris, V., Androudi, S., Alexandridis, A. et al. Optical coherence tomography-guided classification of epiretinal membranes. Int Ophthalmol 35, 495–501 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-014-9975-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-014-9975-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation