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Tissue-selective inflammation in the oral cavity of the rat

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Abstract

In the current study, carrageenan (CG; 100–1000 μg/site) was injected intraorally in the cheeks of Holtzman or Wistar rats to evaluate the consequences of administration of a non-immunogenic stimulus in the orofacial region. Subsequent inflammation was measured as oedema (increased thickness of the cheek wall using digital calipers), relative to the other cheek injected with saline. Oedema formation and tissue collection for histopathological studies were assessed at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h after injection. In parallel, other groups of rats were injected with CG in the hind paw, to provide a reference response. The inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis, indomethacin, and antagonists of histamine, serotonin and NK1 receptors were injected s.c., 0.5 h before CG. CG induced a dose-related oedema more rapidly from 0 to 2 h which lasted for at least 72 h, showing a biphasic profile (peak at 2 and 24 h), compared with the monophasic oedema induced in rat paws (maximal duration of 24 h). Histopathological analysis of the CG-injected cheek revealed oedema formation with little leukocyte recruitment at 1–3 h, mast cell degranulation at 6 h, and a mixed polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cell infiltrate by 24 h. Histamine and serotonin antagonists and indomethacin, but not the NK1 antagonist, decreased cheek oedema in the first 4 h following carrageenan. Taken together, our data indicated important differences in the pattern of inflammation between the oral cavity and the paw which will determine the therapeutic approach to the treatment of inflammatory conditions in the oral cavity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the Brazilian agencies Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa (CNPq) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for their financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dentistry Faculty at Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Taíssa Iolanda Checón Frade

  2. General Pathology Department of Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Diego Carlos dos Reis & Geovanni Dantas Cassali

  3. Leukocyte Biology, NHLI, Imperial College, London, UK

    Yeshwant S. Bakhle

  4. Pharmacology Department of Biological Sciences Institute (ICB), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Janetti Nogueira de Francischi

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  1. Taíssa Iolanda Checón Frade
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  2. Diego Carlos dos Reis
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  3. Geovanni Dantas Cassali
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  4. Yeshwant S. Bakhle
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  5. Janetti Nogueira de Francischi
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Correspondence to Janetti Nogueira de Francischi.

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Frade, T.I.C., dos Reis, D.C., Cassali, G.D. et al. Tissue-selective inflammation in the oral cavity of the rat. Inflammopharmacol 24, 145–153 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-016-0269-0

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