Skip to main content
Log in

Conducting Properties of Polyaniline in the THz Region: Investigations of Various Processing Conditions

  • Published:
Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The conduction properties of polyaniline (PAni) with various processing conditions were demonstrated using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The effects of protonation were observed by varying the doping time and annealing time. The measurements agreed with the Mott-Davis hopping model with the exponent varying inversely with the protonation conditions. Also, the density of the samples increased with compression pressure thereby increasing the inter-chain and inter-particle charge transport. Lastly, the THz response on PAni-polyethylene pellets showed dominant contribution of PAni network.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. C. A. Schmuttenmaer, Chem. Rev. 104, 759–1779 (2004).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. J. E. Pedersen and S. R. Keiding, IEEE J. Quan. Elec. 28, 2518–2522 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. K. Yamamoto, M. H. Kabir, and K. Tominaga, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. 22, 2417–2426 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. P. Dutta and K. Tominaga, Mol. Phys. 107, 1845–1854 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. H. Shirakawa, E. J. Louis, A. G. MacDiarmid, C. K. Chiang, and A. J. Heeger, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Comm., 578–580 (1977).

  6. J. D. Stenger-Smith, Prog. Polym. Sci., Pergamon 23, 57–79 (1998).

  7. S. Anderson, R.T. Aplin, T.D.W. Claridge, T. Goodson III, A.C. Maciel, G. Rumbles, J.F. Ryan and H.L. Anderson, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 2383 (1998).

  8. A. G. MacDiarmid and A. J. Epstein, Conducting Polymers: Science and Technology, Frontiers of Polymers and Advanced Materials. (New York, Plenum 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  9. E. Nguema Agnandji, V. Vigneras, J. L. Mianeand P. Mounaix, Elec. Lett. 43, 1271–1273 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. J. Li, Opt. Communications 269, 98–101 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. T. Matsui, Z. Valy Vardeny, A. Agrawal, A. Nahata and R. Menon, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 071101 (2006).

  12. M. Laridjani, J. P. Pouget, E. M. Scherr, A. G. MacDiarmid, M. E. Jozefowicz, A. J. Epstein, Macromolecules 25, 4106–4113 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. N. F. Mott, E. A. Davis, Electronic Processes Non-Crystalline Materials (Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford 1979).

    Google Scholar 

  14. M. P. J. van Staveren, H. B. Brom, and L. J. de Jongh, Phys. Reports 208, 1 (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. R. Singh, V. Arora, R. P. Tandon, A. Mansingh, and S. Chandra, Syn. Met. 104, 137–144 (1999).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. E. Nguema, V. Vigneras, J.L. Miane, P. Mounaix, European Polymer J. 44, 124–129 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. G.E. Pike, Phys. Rev. B 6, 1572 (1972).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. A. K. G. Tapia and K. Tominaga, Chem. Phys. Lett. 598, 39–42 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. J. Stejskal and R. G. Gilbert, Pure Appl. Chem. 74, 857–867 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. C. B. Gorman and R. H. Grubbs, Conjugated Polymers: The Interplay Between Synthesis, Structure and Properties 1–48 (Kluwer Academic Publishers 1991).

  21. M. van Exter, Ch. Fattinger, and D. Grischkowsky, Opt. Lett. 14, 1128–1130 (1989).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. M. Dressel and G. Gruner, Electrodynamics of Solids: Optical Properties of Electrons in Matter (Cambridge Univ. Press 2002).

  23. J. Lloyd-Hughes and Tae-In Jeon, Journal of Infrared, Millimetre and Terahertz Waves33, 871 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. J. Stejskal, I. Sapurina, M. Trchova, J. Prokes, I. Krivka, and E. Tobolkova, Macromolecules 31, 2218–2222 (1998).

  25. A. N. Papathanassiou, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 35, L88 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. H. Qiu, W. Wu, J. Li, K. Fang, and W. Mao, Syn. Met. 155, 560–564 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. J. Prokeš, M. Varga, I. Křivka, A. Rudajevová and J. Stejskal, J. Mat. Chem. 21, 5038–5045 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. B. Vainas, D.P. Almond, J. Luo, and R. Stevens, Solid State Ionics 126, 65–80 (1999).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. D. P. Almond and C. R. Bowen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 157601, (2004).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. A. L. Efros and B. I. Shklovskii, Phys. Status Solidi B 76, 475 (1976).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. J. P. Clerc, G. Giraud, J. M. Laugier, and J. M. Luck, Advances in Physics 39, 191 (1990).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. W. R. Romanko, M. A. Ratner, and S. H. Carr, Solid State Communications 75, 1 (1990).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. G. M. Zhang, Phys. Rev. B 53, 6256–6262 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

AKGT would like to thank the Hitachi Scholarship Foundation for the financial support. Also, the authors extend their gratitude to Prof. Tomoyuki Mochida of the Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, for the impedance analyzer.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Keisuke Tominaga.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Tapia, A.K.G., Tominaga, K. Conducting Properties of Polyaniline in the THz Region: Investigations of Various Processing Conditions. J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves 38, 885–895 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-017-0363-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-017-0363-4

Keywords

Navigation