Abstract
This study investigates the perceptions of higher education students, recent graduates and employers in Vietnam on the issue of skill development in the higher education system in Vietnam. Enhancing skill development is considered essential for students, not only to pursue their study, but also for their success later, at work and in life. The results suggest that though there is evidence of effort to change, to include and to develop soft skills in the system, the central-controlled curriculum, the traditional teaching method, the prevalence of passiveness among students and cultural features all hinder the effort of developing skills for university students. The limitation in skill development during university is considered one of the biggest barriers preventing university graduates from making a smooth transition to the workplace.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
In Vietnam, ‘soft skills’ (kỹ năng mềm) is the term most often used to refer to a similar concept.
‘foreign related’ universities refer to the universities using foreign languages as a medium of instruction, i.e. ULIS, FTU and DV.
Each university in Vietnam normally has two departments in charge of creating students extracurricular activities and movements, namely Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union (which is often called Youth Union) and Vietnamese Student Association (which often called Student Association).
Provided by some soft skills centres specialising in teaching soft skill courses such as: communication skills, presentation skills, team work and interpersonal skills.
References
Beckett, D., & Mulcahy, D. (2006). Constructing professionals’ employ-abilities: Conditions for accomplishment. In P. Hager & S. Holland (Eds.), Graduate attributes, learning and employability. Dordrecht: Springer.
Bridges, D. (1993). Transferable skills: A philosophical perspective. Studies in Higher Education, 18(11993), 43–51.
Cheramie, R. A., Sturman, M. C., & Walsh, K. (2007). Executive career management: Switching organizations and the boundaryless career. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 71(3), 359–374.
Clarke, M. (2008). Plodders, pragmatists, visionaries and opportunists: Career patterns and employability. Career development International, 14(1), 8–28.
Clarke, M., & Patrickson, M. (2008). The new covenant of employability. Employee Relations, 30(2), 121–141.
Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Fenwick, T. J. (2006). Contradictions in portfolio careers: Work design and client relations. Career Development International, 11(1), 65–79.
George, E. S. (2010). Higher education in Vietnam 1986–1998: Education in transition to a new era? In G. Harman, M. Hayden & Pham T. Nghi (Eds.), Reforming higher education in Vietnam (pp. 31–50). London: Springer.
Gough, N. (2002). Blank spots, blind spots, and methodological questions in postgraduate research. Deakin University: Paper presented at the Postgraduate Research Conference.
Hager, P., & Holland, S. (2006). Graduate attributes, learning and employability. Dordrecht: Springer.
Hall, D. T., & Mirvis, P. H. (2004). The new career contract: Developing the whole person at midlife and beyond. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 47(3), 269–289.
Hayden, M. (2005). The legislative and regulatory environment of higher education in Vietnam. Washington DC: The World Bank.
Hillage, J., & Pollard, E. (1998). Employability: Developing a framework for policy analysis. London: Department for Education and Employment.
Hind, P. (2005). Making room for career change. Career Development International, 10(4), 268–274.
Kelly, K. (2000). The higher education system in Vietnam. World Education News and Reviews, 13(3), 5–6.
Mallon, M. (1998). The portfolio career: Pushed or pulled to it? Personnel Review, 27(5), 361–377.
Nguyen Loc (2006). Vietnam’s education in the transitional period. Paper presented at the 28th human resources development working group meeting.
Nguyen Minh Hien. (2005). Renovation in higher education in Vietnam-integration and challenge. Hanoi: MOET.
Nguyen Van Lịch (2009). Solutions for diminishing the non market driven factors in Vietnamese economy. Journal of Economic Management, 28(9/10), 13–20.
O’Donoghue, T. (2007). Planning your qualitative research project: An introduction to interpretivist research in education. Abingdon: Routledge.
Patton, M. Q. (Ed.). (2002). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (3rd ed.). London: Sage.
Pham Lan Huong, & Fry, G. W. (2004). Education and Economic, Political, and Social Change in Vietnam. Educational Research for Policy and Practice, 2004(3), 199–222.
Pham Thi Huyen (2008). Higher education in Vietnam: A look from labour market angle. Hanoi: Vietnam Development Forum.
Phan Le Ha (2004). University classroom in Vietnam: Contesting the stereotypes. ELF Journal, 58(1), 50–57.
Smith, E., & Comyn, P. (2003). The development of employability skills in novice workers. Adelaide: National Centre for Vocational Education Research.
Stephen, W., Doughty, P., Gray, P. J., Hopcroft, J. E., & Silvera, I. F. (2006). Observations on undergraduate education in computer science, electrical engineering, and physics at select universities in Vietnam. Washington: Vietnam Education Foundation.
The Association of Graduate Recruiters. (2009). Skills for graduates in the 21st century. Retrieved 12th April 2012, from http://www.funkygrad.com/ratedserious/displayarticle.php?artID=202&subcat=career.
The World Bank. (2008). Vietnam: Higher education and skills for growth. Hanoi: Human Development Department East Asia and Pacific Region.
Nguyen Van Tai (2004). Innovative management of higher education development. Thailand: Office of the Education Council.
Ta Thai Anh & Winter, R. (2010). Processes of modernization in two public universities in Vietnam: University managers’ perspectives. In G. Harman, M. Hayden & Pham T. Nghi (Eds.), Reforming Higher Education in Vietnam (pp. 155–166). London: Springer.
Tran Ngoc Ca (2006). Universities as drivers of the urban economies in Asia: The case of Vietnam. World Bank: Policy Research Working Paper.
Tran Quang Trung, & Swierczek, F. W. (2009). Skills development in higher education in Vietnam. Asia Pacific Business Review, 15(4), 565–586.
Tran Thi Tuyet (2010). Enhancing graduate employability: Challenges facing higher education in Vietnam. Paper presented at the The 14th UNESCO-APEID international conference: Education for human resource development, Bangkok, Thailand.
Tran Thi Tuyet (2013). Is the learning approach of students from the Confucian heritage culture problematic? Educational Research for Policy and Practice, 12(1), 57–65.
Trịnh Thi Hoa Mai (2008). Education association between universities and enterprises in Vietnam (Liên kết đào tạo giữa nhà trường đại học với doanh nghiệp ở Việt Nam). Journal of Economy-Law, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 24(2008), 30–34.
Truong Quang Duoc (2006). Quality of business graduates in Vietnamese institutions: Multiples perspectives. Journal of Management Development, 26(7), 629–643.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tran, T.T. Limitation on the development of skills in higher education in Vietnam. High Educ 65, 631–644 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-012-9567-7
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-012-9567-7