Abstract
Stratification is the exposure of seeds to conditions which break dormancy and enhance germination. Currently stratification is limited to abiotic conditions such as cold, acidity, light, salinity and osmotic priming. Here, the role of biological stratification on mycovitality was uncovered by assessing the effect of fungal endosymbiont on its host plant during dormancy release and germination commencement in seeds. The impact of the endophytic fungal SMCD 2206 strain on germination energy and vigor as compared to untreated seeds was evaluated. The expression patterns of plant growth promoting genes, repression of shoot growth (RSG) protein and ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase (KAO) of gibberellins (GAs), during the early breakage of seed dormancy and germination were assessed and indicated the involvement of a GA-mediated negative feedback regulation in treated seeds. The GA levels in all treated seeds reached optimum before 24 h of germination with direct interactions between seeds and endophyte generating maximum GA levels during the early germination stage. Our findings bring a significant contribution to plant prenatal care of cereal crops; they demonstrate endophyte-mediated vitality, a reprogramming of pre- and post-germination events in wheat seeds, which enhances dormancy breakage and germination.
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Abbreviations
- GAs:
-
Gibberellins
- ABA:
-
Abscisic acid
- KAO:
-
Ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase
- RSG:
-
Repression of shoot growth
- SMCD:
-
Saskatchewan microbial collection and database
- PDA:
-
Potato dextrose agar
- GE:
-
Germination energy
- GV:
-
Germination vigor
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Acknowledgments
This research was financially supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada–Discovery Grant and Genome Canada-Genome Prairies to Drs. V. Vujanovic and J. Germida.
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Vujanovic, V., Yuan, X., Daida, P. et al. Manipulation of cold stratification and endophytic effects on expression patterns of RSG and KAO genes in coleorhiza of wheat seeds. Plant Growth Regul 79, 219–227 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-015-0127-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-015-0127-x