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Diversity analysis and evaluation of wild Abelmoschus species for agro-morphological traits and major biotic stresses under the north western agro-climatic condition of India

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Abstract

The wild species in general is considered to be the reservoir of genes especially for biotic and abiotic stresses. In okra, the predominant biotic stresses are yellow vein mosaic disease (YVMD), shoot and fruit borer and leaf hopper. Sixty eight (68) accessions belonging to four wild Abelmoschus species [Abelmoschus caillei (A. Chev.) Stevels, Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik., Abelmoschus moschatus (L.) Medik. and Abelmoschus tuberculatus Pal et Singh] and eight okra varieties were characterized and evaluated for phenological characters including biotic stresses under natural epiphytotic condition. The wild species examined consisted of 18 accessions (16 exotic and 2 indigenous) of A. caillei, 29 accessions of A. manihot, 16 accessions of A. moschatus and 5 accessions of A. tuberculatus. All the wild Abelmoschus species exhibited high diversity (as measured by Shannon Diversity Index) for 3 qualitative characters viz. intensity of stem colour, leaf shape, epicalyx shape, 13 quantitative characters and 3 biotic stress parameters. Among the wild species, A. caillei and A. tuberculatus showed maximum and minimum diversity for qualitative characters, respectively. There was significant variation for 19 out of 24 quantitative characters studied. Inter-species diversity pattern as estimated through Ward’s Minimum Variance Dendrogram and Principal Component Analysis revealed clear differentiation among the species with minimum overlapping indicating close association between geographical origins and clustering pattern. Intra-species diversity indicated role of specific adaptation in sub-clustering. Resistance to YVMD was found in accessions belonging to three wild species viz. A. caillei, A. manihot and A. moschatus while resistance to shoot and fruit borer and leaf hopper was found in accessions of all the four wild species. The resistant accessions can further be used for introgressing biotic stress resistance through pre-breeding into cultivated okra species.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are highly thankful to Director, NBPGR, New Delhi for providing facilities and support. The authors acknowledge Head, Germplasm Conservation Division, NBPGR; and Officer Incharge(s) of NBPGR Regional Station Thrissur and Akola for timely supplying germplasm of wild species.

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Author notes

  1. Manas Kumar Bag

    Present address: Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India

  2. Pragya Ranjan

    Present address: Division of Vegetable Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India

  3. Anirban Roy

    Present address: Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

  4. M. Dutta

    Present address: Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers’ Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare, New Delhi, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Germplasm Evaluation Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India

    K. K. Gangopadhyay, Ashish Singh & T. V. Prasad

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  1. K. K. Gangopadhyay
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Correspondence to K. K. Gangopadhyay.

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Gangopadhyay, K.K., Singh, A., Bag, M.K. et al. Diversity analysis and evaluation of wild Abelmoschus species for agro-morphological traits and major biotic stresses under the north western agro-climatic condition of India. Genet Resour Crop Evol 64, 775–790 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-016-0400-5

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