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An assessment of the genetic integrity of ex situ germplasm collections of three endangered species of Coffea from Madagascar: implications for the management of field germplasm collections

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Abstract

Madagascar has 59 species of Coffea, of which 42 are listed as Critically Endangered, Endangered, or Vulnerable by criteria of the Red List Category system of the World Conservation Union. In an attempt to assess the conservation value of ex situ collections of Malagasy coffee species, a study was undertaken using the field genebank collections maintained at the Kianjavato Coffee Research Station. Three species were selected for this purpose, C. kianjavatensis, C. montis-sacri, and C. vatovavyensis, and for comparative purposes extant, in situ populations of the same species were studied. Parentage analyses of ex situ propagated offspring of C. kianjavatensis and C. montis-sacri were performed to assess if crossing with other Coffea species maintained in the field genebank is compromising the genetic integrity of the collection. For these three species, higher genetic diversity was observed in the ex situ populations compared to the in situ populations, highlighting the importance of preserving the plants currently in ex situ collections. Parentage analyses of seed-propagated offspring of C. kianjavatensis and C. montis-sacri revealed that cross contamination with pollen from other Coffea species in the ex situ field genebank is occurring. These results have significant implications for the conservation management of wild Coffea species and for the management of ex situ genebanks.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants to S. Krishnan from the Association of Zoological Horticulture Conservation, the University of Colorado Museum of Natural History, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Beverly Sears program of the Graduate Division. We thank the FOFIFA team, RBG Kew Madagascar (Kew Madagascar Conservation Center, KMCC) team, Ueshima Coffee Corporation and Dr. Franck Rakotonasolo for their valuable collaboration and field support.

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  1. Sarada Krishnan

    Present address: Denver Botanic Gardens, 909 York St.,, Denver, CO, 80206, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA

    Sarada Krishnan

  2. Division of Environmental Biology, National Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson Blvd, Arlington, VA, 22230, USA

    Tom A. Ranker

  3. The Herbarium, Library, Art and Archives, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK

    Aaron P. Davis

  4. FOFIFA-DRA, P.O. Box 1444, 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar

    Jean Jacques Rakotomalala

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  1. Sarada Krishnan
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Correspondence to Sarada Krishnan.

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Krishnan, S., Ranker, T.A., Davis, A.P. et al. An assessment of the genetic integrity of ex situ germplasm collections of three endangered species of Coffea from Madagascar: implications for the management of field germplasm collections. Genet Resour Crop Evol 60, 1021–1036 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-012-9898-3

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