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Genetic composition of contemporary proprietary U.S. lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars

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Abstract

Pedigree history of 146 lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars registered in the U.S. by Plant Variety Protection and/or utility patent of the era from 2000 through 2010 facilitates determination of coefficient of parentage among these cultivars, identification of ancestral parental lines, and their genetic contribution. Principal ancestors of leaf lettuce developed in this era are the cultivars ‘Malibu’, ‘Waldmann’s Green’, and ‘Salad Bowl’ contributing 6.4, 6.1, and 3.5% of the genes, respectively. The cultivars ‘Parris Island Cos’ and ‘Tall Guzmaine’ are major ancestors of romaine lettuce, contributing 25.9 and 23.4% of the genes, respectively. Three crisphead lettuce ancestors identified are the cultivars ‘Vanguard’, ‘Salinas’, and ‘Calmar’, the former two descend from interspecific crosses of L. sativa with Lactuca virosa L. and Lactuca serriola L. Among these three, ‘Vanguard’ is the major ancestor contributing 23.8% of the genes to crisphead lettuce. The crisphead cultivar ‘Salinas’ was frequently crossed with romaine lettuce types and the romaine parental cultivar ‘Parris Island Cos’ was crossed with leaf types contributing to romaine and leaf lettuce genetic diversity, respectively. Genetic similarity was less within leaf cultivars (coefficient of parentage = 0.02) than found within romaine (0.15) and crisphead (0.13) cultivars registered in the U.S. during this era.

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Acknowledgments

I am extend my appreciation to Nicholas Tinker for adapting the software Kin to accommodate larger database used in this study. I wish to thank the Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center of the University of Illinois for financing the publication of this work.

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  1. Department of Crop Sciences and Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois, 2608 Institute for Genomic Biology, 1206 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    Mark A. Mikel

  2. Maize Lineage LLC, 3408 Mill Creek Ct., Champaign, IL, 61822, USA

    Mark A. Mikel

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Correspondence to Mark A. Mikel.

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Mikel, M.A. Genetic composition of contemporary proprietary U.S. lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars. Genet Resour Crop Evol 60, 89–96 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-012-9818-6

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