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Serum fucosylated paraoxonase 1 as a potential glycobiomarker for clinical diagnosis of early hepatocellular carcinoma using ELISA Index

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Abstract

Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is highly fucosylated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared with liver cirrhosis (LC). Herein, lectin ELISA using Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL) was established, which specifically measured optical density (OD) value of serum fucosylated PON1. PON1 protein ELISA was applied simultaneously. ELISA Index (OD value of fucosylated PON1/OD value of protein PON1) was introduced to indicate PON1 fucosylation level on its protein level (Fuc-PON1). ELISA Index in training group (90 LC and 90 HCC) was measured and area under the ROC curve (AUROC) was 0.803 with 80 % of sensitivity and 64.4 % of specificity in distinguishing early HCC from LC. Within training group, AFP HCC (20/90) exhibited better AUROC (0.850), higher sensitivity (90 %) and specificity (75 %) than AFP+ HCC (70/90). An independent testing set (20 LC and 20 HCC) validated the model and 17 HCC patients were successfully predicted. Meanwhile, serum AFP of 43 LC and 43 HCC had an AUROC of 0.760 with sensitivity of 79.1 % and specificity of 53.5 %. Thus, Fuc-PON1 may serve as a glycan biomarker for distinguishing early HCC from LC patients even with low AFP levels.

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Acknowledgments

The work was financially supported by National Science and Technology Key Projects of China (2011CB910604), China National Key Projects for Infectious Disease (2012ZX10002-009 and 2012ZX10002-012).

Conflict of interest

The authors have declared no conflict of interest.

Compliance with Ethical Standards

The serum specimens were obtained from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. This study was approved by the Research Ethics committee of First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and the Institutional Review Board of the National Cancer Center. Informed consent was obtained from each patient.

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Correspondence to Yinkun Liu.

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Shu Zhang and Kai Jiang contributed equally to this work.

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Zhang, S., Jiang, K., Zhang, Q. et al. Serum fucosylated paraoxonase 1 as a potential glycobiomarker for clinical diagnosis of early hepatocellular carcinoma using ELISA Index. Glycoconj J 32, 119–125 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-015-9576-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-015-9576-8

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