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Roles of selenoprotein antioxidant protection in zebrafish, Danio rerio, subjected to dietary oxidative stress

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Abstract

In vertebrates, selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for vertebrates that is involved in antioxidant protection and thyroid hormone regulation among other roles and functions through its incorporation into proteins, the selenoproteins. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are essential nutrients for fish although high dietary levels may lead to increased oxidative stress due to the high degree of unsaturation. The present study investigated the effects of Se supplementation on zebrafish, Danio rerio, oxidative status together with selenoprotein expression profiles when subjected to a high-DHA diet. Fish were fed for 8 weeks with one of the four experimental diets, containing high or low DHA in combination with or without organic Se (7 mg/kg). Fish performance, Se content, fatty acid composition and TBARS of zebrafish were determined, as well as gene expression of selected selenoproteins in liver and muscle. The Se levels in whole fish reflected dietary content. High dietary DHA increased oxidative stress as indicated by reduced growth and high TBARS content, although Se supplementation reduced oxidation. The expression patterns of selenoproteins varied between liver and muscle with only deiodinase type II displaying a transcriptional response when high dietary Se was supplied. High dietary DHA decreased selenoprotein W expression in muscle and sps2 expression in liver regardless of the dietary Se content. These data suggest that oxidative stress protection associated with a high dietary intake of Se may not be solely mediated by transcriptional changes in teleost selenoprotein expression.

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Abbreviations

BACT:

Beta-actin

B2M:

Beta-2-microglobulin

DIO2:

Deiodinase type II

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid

FAME:

Fatty acid methyl esters

GPX:

Glutathione peroxidase

LC-PUFA:

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid

NTC:

No-template control

PIn:

Peroxidation index

qPCR:

Quantitative PCR

RO:

Rapeseed oil

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SGR:

Specific growth rate

SEM:

Standard error of the mean

SECP43:

tRNA selenocysteine 1-associated protein 1b

SEP15:

15 kDa Selenoprotein

SEPP1a:

Selenoprotein P1

SEPW:

Selenoprotein W

SPS2:

Selenophosphate synthetase 2

TBARS:

Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances

TCA:

Trichloroacetic acid

TXNRD1:

Thioredoxin reductase 1

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship within the 7th Community Framework Programme (PIEF-GA-2011-297964, OLDMITO) awarded to P.F.A.-P.

Conflict of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Ethical standard

The authors confirm that there are no potential conflicts of interests. Fish were treated in accordance with British national ethical requirements and the experiments conducted under the UK Government Home Office Project licence number PPL 60/03969 in accordance with the amended Animals Scientific Procedures Act 1986 implementing EU directive 2010/63.

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  1. School of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK

    M. B. Betancor, P. F. Almaida-Pagán, M. Sprague, A. Hernández & D. R. Tocher

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  1. M. B. Betancor
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  2. P. F. Almaida-Pagán
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  3. M. Sprague
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  4. A. Hernández
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  5. D. R. Tocher
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Correspondence to M. B. Betancor.

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Betancor, M.B., Almaida-Pagán, P.F., Sprague, M. et al. Roles of selenoprotein antioxidant protection in zebrafish, Danio rerio, subjected to dietary oxidative stress. Fish Physiol Biochem 41, 705–720 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-015-0040-2

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