A simple model of income, aggregate demand and the process of credit creation by private banks Original Paper
First Online: 03 December 2013 DOI :
10.1007/s10663-013-9239-6
Cite this article as: Bernardo, G. & Campiglio, E. Empirica (2014) 41: 381. doi:10.1007/s10663-013-9239-6 Abstract
This paper presents a small macroeconomic model describing the main mechanisms of the process of creation by the private banking system. The model is composed of a core unit—where the dynamics of income, credit and aggregate demand are determined—and a set of sectoral accounts that ensure its stock-flow consistency. In order to grasp the role of credit and banks on the functioning of the economic system we make an explicit distinction between planned and realized variables, thanks to which, while maintaining the ex-post accounting consistency, we are able to introduce an ex-ante wedge between current aggregate income and planned expenditure. Private banks are the only economic agents capable of filling this gap through the creation of new credit. Through the use of numerical simulation we discuss the link between credit creation and the expansion of economic activity, also contributing to a recent academic debate on the relation between income, debt and aggregate demand.
Keywords Banking system Credit creation Growth Aggregate demand Macroeconomic modeling
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Authors and Affiliations 1. Department of Economics and Management University of Pisa Pisa Italy 2. The Great Transition Project New Economics Foundation London UK 3. Grantham Research Institute London School of Economics London UK