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Toxic effects of Triclosan on the detoxification system and breeding of Daphnia magna

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Abstract

The toxic effects of different concentrations of Triclosan (TCS) (1–128 μg/L) on Daphnia magna (D. magna) were investigated by acute (48 h) and chronic (21-day) toxicity tests. The response of antioxidase system and Phase I metabolism process of D. magna exposed to TCS were investigated by measuring a series of biomarkers including glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), Erythromycin N-demethylase (ERND) and Aminopyrine N-demethylase (APND). The 48 h LC50 of TCS was 330 μg/L for D. magna. In the chronic test, total number of neonates per female, body length and the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) of D. magna increased at the low exposure concentrations (1–16 μg/L) and decreased at the high concentrations (64–128 μg/L), while the total number of molting per adult decreased continually. The GST and CAT activities showed no significant increase in all treatments, and SOD activities were induced after 24-h exposure and inhibited after 48-h exposure at 4–128 μg/L of concentrations. The MDA content increased after 6-h exposure but decreased after 48-h exposure at 4–128 μg/L. EROD activities initially increased after 6-h exposure, but decreased after 24 and 48-h exposure, ERND and APND activities showed a similar temporal pattern among different treatments groups. SOD, MDA and APND were sensitive to TCS, thus they are suitable as potential biomarkers for the exposure to TCS.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1133005) and the Program of National Science and Technology Development (2012BAC07B05). We also thank to Prof. Vladimir Zitiko from St. Andrews Biology Station, New Brunswick, Canada and Prof. Larry B. Liddle from Long Island University, USA for their helps in language editing of our manuscript.

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The authors declare there is no conflict of interest for the present manuscript.

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  1. Department of Ecology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China

    Ying Peng, Xiang-Ping Nie, Wei Liao & Yu-Feng Yang

  2. Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou, 510380, China

    Ying Luo

  3. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    Guang-Guo Ying

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  1. Ying Peng
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Peng, Y., Luo, Y., Nie, XP. et al. Toxic effects of Triclosan on the detoxification system and breeding of Daphnia magna . Ecotoxicology 22, 1384–1394 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-013-1124-3

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